This plant list has been compiled by the stated observer(s) and been provided to NZPCN for public use in good faith. NZPCN cannot guarantee that data contained in these lists are up to date or accurate. Most species lists are not corroborated with herbarium specimens. Note, species lists are not typically an exhaustive presence/absence survey of an area and often may focus on a single habitat or only contain species visible at a particular time of year (for example, spring annual herbs may go unobserved during much of the year). These lists should not be solely relied on for the purpose of assessing environmental effects or for preparing restoration plans - for this work a site visit is critical.
Emerald Hills PL (Q364)
Site name: Emerald Hills PL (Q364)
List name: DOC Otago OTA88
Source/Observer: DOC Otago OTA88 M Thorsen
Number of observations: 225
District: Dunedin City
Date: 09/12/2008
Species | Structural class | Conservation status | Native/Exotic |
---|---|---|---|
Acaena agnipila var. aequispina (sheep's bur) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Acaena anserinifolia (bidibid, hutiwai, piripiri) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Acaena buchananii (bidibid, piripiri) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Acaena caesiiglauca (glaucus bidibid, piripiri) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Acaena inermis (blue mountain bidibid, spineless bidibid) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Acaena juvenca (bidibid, piripiri) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Acaena novae-zelandiae (red bidibid) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Aciphylla aurea (golden spaniard, golden speargrass) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Aciphylla scott-thomsonii (giant speargrass, taramea) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Acrothamnus colensoi | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Agrostis capillaris (browntop) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Agrostis muscosa (pincushion grass) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Agrostis pallescens | Grasses | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Native |
Alopecurus geniculatus (kneed foxtail) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Anaphalioides bellidioides (Hell's bells) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Anemonastrum tenuicaule (New Zealand anemone) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Anthosachne scabra (blue wheat grass) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Anthosachne solandri (native wheatgrass, blue wheatgrass) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Aphanes arvensis (parsley piert) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Aphanes australiana | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Aristotelia fruticosa (mountain wineberry) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Arthropodium candidum | Herbs - Monocots | Not Threatened | Native |
Asperula perpusilla (Dwarf bedstraw) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Asplenium flabellifolium (butterfly fern, walking fern, necklace fern) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Asplenium richardii (Richard's spleenwort) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Astelia nervosa (mountain astelia) | Herbs - Monocots | Not Threatened | Native |
Astelia nivicola var. nivicola | Herbs - Monocots | Not Threatened | Native |
Austroblechnum penna-marina subsp. alpina (little hard fern, alpine hard fern) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Austroderia richardii (toetoe) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Austrolycopodium fastigiatum (alpine clubmoss, mountain clubmoss) | Lycophytes (clubmosses, selaginella, quillworts) | Not Threatened | Native |
Azorella cockaynei | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Azorella haastii subsp. cyanopetala | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Brachyglottis bellidioides var. bellidioides | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Brachyglottis haastii | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Brachyscome sinclairii | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Bromus hordeaceus (soft brome) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Bulbinella angustifolia | Herbs - Monocots | Not Threatened | Native |
Caladenia lyallii | Orchids | Not Threatened | Native |
Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Carex breviculmis (grassland sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex buchananii (Buchanan's sedge, cutty grass) | Sedges | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Carex comans (sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex coriacea (cutty grass, rautahi) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex gaudichaudiana (Gaudichaud's sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex leporina (oval sedge) | Sedges | Exotic | |
Carex punicea (red bastard grass, frost flat hook grass) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex pyrenaica var. cephalotes (mountain sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex secta (purei, pukio) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex sinclairii (Sinclair's sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex solandri (forest sedge, Solander's sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex virgata (swamp sedge, pukio, toitoi, toetoe) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carex wakatipu (sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Carmichaelia kirkii (Climbing broom, Kirk's broom) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Threatened – Nationally Vulnerable | Native |
Carmichaelia petriei (desert broom) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Celmisia argentea (silver cushion mountain daisy) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Celmisia densiflora (mountain daisy) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Celmisia gracilenta (common mountain daisy, pekapeka) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Celmisia lyallii (false Spaniard) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Chaerophyllum colensoi var. colensoi (mountain myrrh, oreomyrrhis) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Chaerophyllum ramosum (myrrh) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Chenopodium allanii | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Native |
Chionochloa rigida subsp. rigida (narrow-leaved snow tussock) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Chionochloa rubra subsp. cuprea (copper tussock) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Cirsium arvense (Californian thistle) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Cirsium vulgare (Scotch thistle) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Clematis marata (clematis) | Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Colobanthus acicularis | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Colobanthus strictus | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma cheesemanii | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma ciliata | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma crassifolia | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma dumosa | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma propinqua var. propinqua (mingimingi) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma rigida | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma rugosa | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Coprosma virescens | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Coriaria sarmentosa | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Corokia cotoneaster (korokio, wire-nettting bush) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Corybas trilobus (spider orchid) | Orchids | Not Threatened | Native |
Cranfillia deltoides (korokio, mountain hard fern) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Craspedia incana | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Threatened – Nationally Critical | Native |
Crassula colligata subsp. colligata | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Crepis capillaris (hawksbeard) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Cytisus scoparius (wild broom) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Exotic | |
Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Dichondra repens (Mercury Bay weed, dichondra) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Digitalis purpurea (foxglove) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Discaria toumatou (matagouri, tūmatakuru) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Dracophyllum rosmarinifolium (common grass tree, inaka) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Drosera arcturi (sundew) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Eleocharis acuta (sharp spike sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Epilobium brunnescens subsp. brunnescens (creeping willowherb) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Epilobium macropus (willowherb) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Epilobium pubens (willowherb) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Erodium cicutarium (storksbill) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Erythranthe moschata (musk) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Euchiton audax (creeping cudweed) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Euchiton lateralis | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Festuca filiformis | Grasses | Exotic | |
Festuca novae-zelandiae (fescue tussock, hard tussock) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Festuca rubra subsp. rubra (red fescue) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Fuchsia excorticata (kōtukutuku, tree fuchsia) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Fuchsia perscandens (scrambling fuchsia) | Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Galium aparine (cleavers) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Gaultheria antipoda (bush snowberry, fool's beech) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Gaultheria crassa | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Gaultheria depressa var. depressa | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Data Deficient | Native |
Gaultheria macrostigma (prostrate snowberry) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Geranium microphyllum | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Native |
Geranium molle (dove's foot cranesbill) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Geum cockaynei (Cockayne's geum) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Glyceria fluitans (floating sweetgrass) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Gonocarpus incanus | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Griselinia littoralis (broadleaf, kāpuka, papauma) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Helichrysum filicaule (creeping everlasting daisy, slender everlasting daisy) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Helichrysum lanceolatum | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Hieracium lepidulum (tussock hawkweed) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Hoheria angustifolia (narrow-leaved houhere) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Hoheria lyallii (mountain lacebark) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Holcus lanatus (Yorkshire fog) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Hypochaeris radicata (catsear) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Hypolepis millefolium (thousand leaved fern) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Isolepis aucklandica | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Isolepis basilaris (pygmy clubrush) | Sedges | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Juncus articulatus (jointed rush) | Rushes & Allied Plants | Exotic | |
Kelleria dieffenbachii | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Kelleria laxa | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Kelleria paludosa | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Lagenophora barkeri | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Native |
Leptinella pusilla | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Leptinella serrulata (dryland button daisy) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Leycesteria formosa (Himalayan honeysuckle) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Exotic | |
Libertia ixioides (mikoikoi, NZ iris) | Herbs - Monocots | Not Threatened | Native |
Lilaeopsis ruthiana | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Limosella australis (mudwort) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Lobelia angulata (pratia) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Lolium perenne (perennial rye grass) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Luzula banksiana var. rhadina (coastal woodrush) | Rushes & Allied Plants | Not Threatened | Native |
Luzula leptophylla | Rushes & Allied Plants | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Native |
Luzula rufa var. rufa (red woodrush) | Rushes & Allied Plants | Not Threatened | Native |
Luzula subclavata | Rushes & Allied Plants | Not Threatened | Native |
Melicytus alpinus (porcupine shrub) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Montia fontana subsp. fontana (blinks, blinkswater chickweed, dwarf montia) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Montia sessiliflora | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Muehlenbeckia australis (pōhuehue, large-leaved muehlenbeckia) | Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Muehlenbeckia complexa var. complexa (small-leaved pōhuehue, scrub pōhuehue, wire vine) | Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Mycelis muralis (wall lettuce) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Myosotis laxa subsp. caespitosa (water forget-me-not) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Myriophyllum pedunculatum subsp. novae-zelandiae | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Myrsine nummularia (creeping matipo, creeping mapou) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Notogrammitis patagonica (strapfern) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Olearia bullata | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Olearia lineata | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Olearia odorata (scented tree daisy) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Oreobolus pectinatus (comb sedge, cushion sedge, flat-leaved comb sedge) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Oxalis exilis (creeping oxalis, yellow oxalis) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Oxalis magellanica (white oxalis) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Ozothamnus vauvilliersii (Mountain tauhinu) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Parablechnum montanum (mountain kiokio, Dunedin-Cass blechnum) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Parsonsia capsularis var. capsularis (New Zealand jasmine, small flowered jasmine) | Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Pentachondra pumila | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Pentapogon avenoides (mountain oat grass) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Phlegmariurus varius (clubmoss) | Lycophytes (clubmosses, selaginella, quillworts) | Not Threatened | Native |
Phleum pratense (Timothy) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Pilosella officinarum (hawkweed, mouse-ear hawkweed) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Pilosella praealta (king devil) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Pinus radiata (Monterey pine, radiata pine) | Trees & Shrubs - Gymnosperms | Exotic | |
Pittosporum tenuifolium (kohukohu, kōhūhū, black matipo) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Plantago lanigera | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Plantago triandra (Glossy plantain, starweed) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Poa annua (annual poa) | Grasses | Exotic | |
Poa cita (silver tussock) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Poa colensoi (blue tussock) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Poa lindsayi (Lindsay's poa) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Polystichum vestitum (pūniu, prickly shield fern) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Potamogeton cheesemanii (red pondweed) | Herbs - Monocots | Not Threatened | Native |
Pseudopanax crassifolius (horoeka, lancewood) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Pteridium esculentum (bracken, rarauhe, bracken fern) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |
Pterostylis tanypoda | Orchids | At Risk – Declining | Native |
Ranunculus enysii | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Ranunculus glabrifolius (waoriki) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Ranunculus multiscapus (grassland buttercup) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Ranunculus reflexus (hairy buttercup, maru, maruru, kopukapuka, pirikau) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Ranunculus royi | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Data Deficient | Native |
Raoulia grandiflora (large-flowered mat daisy) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Raoulia tenuicaulis (tutahuna, mat daisy) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Rosa rubiginosa (sweet brier) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Exotic | |
Rubus cissoides (tātarāmoa, bush lawyer) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Rubus schmidelioides var. subpauperatus (tātarāmoa, bush lawyer, white-leaved lawyer) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Rumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Rumex flexuosus (Māori dock, New Zealand dock, runa) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Rytidosperma corinum (bristle grass) | Grasses | Not Threatened | Native |
Sagina procumbens (procumbent pearlwort) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Salix fragilis × S. euxina (crack willow) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Exotic | |
Sambucus nigra (elder, elderflower, elderberry) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Exotic | |
Scandia geniculata (scandia) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Schoenus pauciflorus (bog rush, sedge tussock) | Sedges | Not Threatened | Native |
Scleranthus uniflorus | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Senecio quadridentatus (cotton fireweed, white fireweed, pahokoraka) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Sherardia arvensis (field madder) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Sonchus oleraceus (sow thistle, sowthistle) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Exotic | |
Sophora microphylla (kōwhai, weeping kōwhai, small-leaved kōwhai) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Stackhousia minima | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Stellaria alsine (bog stitchwort) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Stellaria media subsp. media (chickweed) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Styphelia nesophila (pātōtara, dwarf mingimingi) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Taraxacum zealandicum (New Zealand dandelion, native dandelion) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Trifolium micranthum (lesser suckling clover) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Trifolium pratense (red clover) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Trifolium repens (white clover) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Ulex europaeus (gorse) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Exotic | |
Urtica urens (nettle, stinging nettle) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Utricularia dichotoma subsp. novae-zelandiae | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Verbascum thapsus (woolly mullein, common mullein) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Exotic | |
Veronica densifolia (Hebejeebie) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Veronica rakaiensis (hebe) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Veronica salicifolia (koromiko) | Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons | Not Threatened | Native |
Viola cunninghamii (mountain violet, white violet) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Vittadinia australis (white fuzzweed) | Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Wahlenbergia albomarginata subsp. albomarginata (New Zealand harebell, harebell) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Wahlenbergia violacea (violet harebell) | Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites | Not Threatened | Native |
Zealandia pustulata subsp. pustulata (hound's tongue, kōwaowao, pāraharaha) | Ferns | Not Threatened | Native |