This plant list has been compiled by the stated observer(s) and been provided to NZPCN for public use in good faith. NZPCN cannot guarantee that data contained in these lists are up to date or accurate. Most species lists are not corroborated with herbarium specimens. Note, species lists are not typically an exhaustive presence/absence survey of an area and often may focus on a single habitat or only contain species visible at a particular time of year (for example, spring annual herbs may go unobserved during much of the year). These lists should not be solely relied on for the purpose of assessing environmental effects or for preparing restoration plans - for this work a site visit is critical.

Site name: Waiaua SR (WAAW)

List name: Biol Surv Res 16

Source/Observer: Biol Surv Res 16 BD Clarkson & CE Regnier

Number of observations: 201

District: Opotiki District

Date: 01/11/1983

SpeciesStructural classConservation statusNative/Exotic
Acaena anserinifolia
(bidibid, hutiwai, piripiri)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Acaena novae-zelandiae
(red bidibid)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Adiantum cunninghamii
(common maidenhair, Cunningham's maidenhair)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Aira caryophyllea subsp. caryophyllea
(silvery hair grass)
GrassesExotic
Alectryon excelsus subsp. excelsus
(New Zealand ash, tītoki)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Alseuosmia macrophylla
(toropapa, karapapa)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Alsophila cunninghamii
(gully tree fern, slender tree fern, ponga)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Alsophila tricolor
(silver fern, ponga)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Anthoxanthum odoratum
(sweet vernal)
GrassesExotic
Aristotelia serrata
(makomako, wineberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium bulbiferum
(hen and chicken fern, pikopiko, mother spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium flaccidum
(drooping spleenwort, hanging spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium oblongifolium
(huruhuruwhenua, shining spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium polyodon
(sickle spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Astelia hastata
(tank lily)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Astelia solandri
(perching lily, kōwharawhara)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Astelia trinervia
(Kauri grass)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Austroblechnum lanceolatum
(lance fern, nini, rereti)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Austroblechnum membranaceumFernsNot ThreatenedNative
Austroderia fulvida
(kakaho)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Beilschmiedia tawa
(tawa)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Berberis glaucocarpa
(barberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Brachyglottis repanda
(rangiora, bushman's toilet paper, bushman's friend)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Buddleja davidii
(buddleia)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Bulbophyllum pygmaeum
(pygmy tree orchid, bulbophyllum)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Cannabis sativa
(cannabis, marijuana, kif, gunja)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Carex forsteri
(Forster's sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Carex spinirostris
(coastal sedge, petrel scrub sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Carex uncinata
(bastard grass, hook sedge, kamu, matau-a-maui)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Carpodetus serratus
(marbleleaf, putaputawētā, piripiriwhata)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgareHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Cirsium vulgare
(Scotch thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Clematis cunninghamiiLianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Clematis foetida
(clematis)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Clematis paniculata
(white clematis, puawananga)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma grandifolia
(kanono, manono, large-leaved coprosma, raurekau)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma lucida
(karamū, shining karamū)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma robusta
(karamū, glossy karamū)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma spathulata subsp. spathulataTrees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Cordyline australis
(cabbage tree, tī, tī kōuka, palm lily)
Trees & Shrubs - MonocotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Cordyline banksii
(tī ngahere, cabbage tree, tī rakau)
Trees & Shrubs - MonocotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coriaria arborea var. arborea
(tutu, tree tutu)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Corybas macranthus
(silver-back spider orchid)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Cranfillia deltoides
(korokio, mountain hard fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Cranfillia fluviatilis
(kiwikiwi, kiwakiwa, creek fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Dacrycarpus dacrydioides
(kahikatea, white pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsNot ThreatenedNative
Dacrydium cupressinum
(rimu, red pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsNot ThreatenedNative
Dactylis glomerata
(cocksfoot)
GrassesExotic
Dendrobium cunninghamii
(winika, pekapeka, Christmas orchid, bamboo orchid)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Dendroconche scandens
(fragrant fern, mokimoki)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Dianella nigra
(turutu, New Zealand blueberry, inkberry)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Dicksonia squarrosa
(wheki, rough tree fern, harsh tree fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Didymocheton spectabilis
(kohekohe, New Zealand mahogany)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Digitalis purpurea
(foxglove)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Diphasium scariosum
(creeping clubmoss)
Lycophytes (clubmosses, selaginella, quillworts)Not ThreatenedNative
Diplazium australeFernsNot ThreatenedNative
Doodia australis
(rasp fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Dracophyllum latifolium
(neinei, needle-leaved neinei, spider wood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Drosera auriculata
(sundew)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Drymoanthus adversus
(fleshy tree orchid)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Earina mucronata
(bamboo orchid, peka-a-waka, spring earina)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Elaeocarpus dentatus var. dentatus
(hīnau)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Epilobium atriplicifolium
(willowherb)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Epilobium nummulariifolium
(creeping willowherb)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Epilobium pubens
(willowherb)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Epilobium rotundifolium
(round-leaved willowherb)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Erica lusitanica
(Spanish heath)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Erigeron sumatrensis
(broad-leaved flea-bane)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Euchiton japonicusHerbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Freycinetia banksii
(kiekie)
Lianes - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Fuchsia excorticata
(kōtukutuku, tree fuchsia)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Fuscospora truncata
(hard beech, tawhairaunui)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Gahnia pauciflora
(cutting sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Gahnia setifolia
(māpere, gahnia, giant gahnia, razor sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Galium aparine
(cleavers)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Galium divaricatum
(slender bedstraw)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Gaultheria antipoda
(bush snowberry, fool's beech)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Geniostoma ligustrifolium var. ligustrifolium
(hangehange)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Griselinia lucida
(puka, akapuka)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Hedycarya arborea
(porokaiwhiri, pigeonwood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Histiopteris incisa
(histiopteris, water fern, mātātā, bat's wing fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Holcus lanatus
(Yorkshire fog)
GrassesExotic
Hydrangea macrophylla
(hydrangea)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Hydrocotyle heteromeria
(waxweed, waxweed pennywort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Hydrocotyle microphyllaHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Hydrocotyle moschata var. moschata
(hairy pennywort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Hymenophyllum demissum
(drooping filmy fern, Irirangi, piripiri)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Hymenophyllum nephrophyllum
(kidney fern, konehu, kopakopa, raurenga)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Hymenophyllum revolutum
(filmy fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Hymenophyllum sanguinolentum
(filmy fern, piripiri)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Hypericum androsaemum
(tutsan)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Hypochaeris radicata
(catsear)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Icarus filiformis
(thread fern, climbing hard fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Jacobaea vulgaris
(ragwort)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Juncus edgariae
(wiwi, Edgar's rush)
Rushes & Allied PlantsNot ThreatenedNative
Knightia excelsa
(rewarewa, NZ honeysuckle)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Kunzea ericoides
(kānuka)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Lastreopsis hispida
(hairy fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Laurelia novae-zelandiae
(pukatea)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Leptecophylla juniperina subsp. juniperina
(prickly mingimingi, mingimingi)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Leptopteris hymenophylloides
(crêpe fern, single crêpe fern, heruheru)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Leptospermum scoparium var. scoparium
(mānuka, kahikātoa)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsAt Risk – DecliningNative
Leucopogon fasciculatus
(mingimingi, tall mingimingi)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Libertia grandiflora
(mikoikoi, NZ iris)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Lomaria discolor
(crown fern, petipeti, piupiu)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Lonicera japonica
(Japanese honeysuckle)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsExotic
Lotus pedunculatus
(lotus)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Loxogramme dictyopteris
(lance fern, whare ngārara)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Lupinus arboreus
(tree lupin)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Luzula picta var. pictaRushes & Allied PlantsNot ThreatenedNative
Melicytus ramiflorus subsp. ramiflorus
(māhoe, hinahina, whitey wood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Metrosideros diffusa
(white rātā)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Metrosideros fulgens
(climbing rātā)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Metrosideros perforata
(akatea)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Metrosideros robusta
(northern rātā)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Microlaena avenacea
(bush rice grass, oat grass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Microlaena stipoides
(meadow rice grass, slender rice grass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Microtis unifolia
(onion-leaved orchid, microtis)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Miscanthus nepalensis
(Himalayan fairy grass)
GrassesExotic
Morelotia affinis
(morelotia)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Muehlenbeckia australis
(pōhuehue, large-leaved muehlenbeckia)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Mycelis muralis
(wall lettuce)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Myrsine australis
(red mapou, red matipo, mapau, red maple)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Nasturtium officinale
(Watercress)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Nertera depressa
(nertera, bead plant, fruiting duckweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Nestegis lanceolata
(white maire)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Notogrammitis angustifolia subsp. nothofageti
(strapfern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Notogrammitis billardierei
(common strap fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Notogrammitis heterophylla
(taupeka, comb fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Olearia rani var. colorata
(heketara)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. imbecillisGrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Oxalis exilis
(creeping oxalis, yellow oxalis)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Ozothamnus leptophyllus
(tauhinu)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Paesia scaberula
(lace fern, ring fern, scented fern, pig fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Pakau pennigera
(gully fern, feather fern, piupiu)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Palhinhaea cernuaLycophytes (clubmosses, selaginella, quillworts)Not ThreatenedNative
Parablechnum novae-zelandiae
(kiokio, horokio, palm leaf fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Parapolystichum glabellum
(smooth shield fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Pectinopitys ferruginea
(miro, brown pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsNot ThreatenedNative
Pentapogon crinitus
(long-hair plume grass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Phlegmariurus varius
(clubmoss)
Lycophytes (clubmosses, selaginella, quillworts)Not ThreatenedNative
Phyllocladus trichomanoides
(tānekaha, celery pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsNot ThreatenedNative
Phytolacca octandra
(inkweed)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Piper excelsum subsp. excelsum
(kawakawa, pepper tree)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pittosporum cornifolium
(tāwhiri karo)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pittosporum tenuifolium
(kohukohu, kōhūhū, black matipo)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Plantago lanceolata
(narrow-leaved plantain)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Plantago major
(broad-leaved plantain)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Poa anceps
(broad-leaved poa)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Poa annua
(annual poa)
GrassesExotic
Polyphlebium venosum
(veined bristle fern, veined filmy fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Polystichum neozelandicum subsp. neozelandicumFernsNot ThreatenedNative
Prunella vulgaris
(self-heal)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Pseudodiphasium volubile
(climbing clubmoss, waewaekoukou)
Lycophytes (clubmosses, selaginella, quillworts)Not ThreatenedNative
Pseudognaphalium luteoalbumHerbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Pseudopanax arboreus
(fivefinger, five finger, whauwhaupaku)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pseudopanax crassifolius
(horoeka, lancewood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pteridium esculentum
(bracken, rarauhe, bracken fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Pteris macilenta
(sweet fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Pteris tremula
(shaking brake, tender brake, Australian bracken)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Pterophylla racemosa
(kāmahi, tawheo, tawhero, tawherowhero)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pterostylis banksii
(tutukiwi, greenhood)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Pyrrosia elaeagnifolia
(leather-leaf fern, pyrrosia)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Ranunculus reflexus
(hairy buttercup, maru, maruru, kopukapuka, pirikau)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Ranunculus repens
(buttercup)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Raukaua edgerleyi
(raukawa)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Rhopalostylis sapida
(nīkau)
Trees & Shrubs - MonocotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Ripogonum scandens
(supplejack, kareao, pirita)
Lianes - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Rubus cissoides
(tātarāmoa, bush lawyer)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Rubus fruticosus agg.
(blackberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Rubus phoenicolasius
(Japanese wineberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Rytidosperma unarede
(bristle grass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Sagina procumbens
(procumbent pearlwort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Schefflera digitata
(patatē, patē, seven-finger)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Schoenus tendo
(kauri sedge, kauri schoenus)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Senecio bipinnatisectus
(Australian fireweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Senecio minimus
(fireweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Silene gallica
(catchfly)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Sison amomum
(stone parsley)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Solanum americanum
(small-flowered nightshade)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Solanum aviculare var. aviculare
(poroporo)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Soliva sessilis
(Onehunga weed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Sonchus asper
(prickly sow thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Sphaeropteris medullaris
(mamaku, black tree fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Sporobolus africanus
(rat's tail)
GrassesExotic
Stellaria parviflora
(New Zealand chickweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Sticherus cunninghamii
(umbrella fern, waekura, tapuwae kotuku)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Styphelia nesophila
(pātōtara, dwarf mingimingi)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Thelymitra longifolia
(white sun orchid, māikuku)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Thelymitra pauciflora
(sun orchid)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Tmesipteris elongata
(fork fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Tmesipteris lanceolata
(fork fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Toronia toru
(toru, toro, toto, mihimihi)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Trifolium repens
(white clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Ulex europaeus
(gorse)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Urtica sykesii
(native nettle, bush nettle)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Verbena bonariensis
(purple-top, purple-top vervain)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Veronica stricta var. stricta
(koromiko)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Vitex lucens
(pūriri)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Wahlenbergia violacea
(violet harebell)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Zealandia pustulata subsp. pustulata
(hound's tongue, kōwaowao, pāraharaha)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative