This plant list has been compiled by the stated observer(s) and been provided to NZPCN for public use in good faith. NZPCN cannot guarantee that data contained in these lists are up to date or accurate. Most species lists are not corroborated with herbarium specimens. Note, species lists are not typically an exhaustive presence/absence survey of an area and often may focus on a single habitat or only contain species visible at a particular time of year (for example, spring annual herbs may go unobserved during much of the year). These lists should not be solely relied on for the purpose of assessing environmental effects or for preparing restoration plans - for this work a site visit is critical.

Site name: Quail Is (Otamahua) (J161)

List name: NZ Nat Sci 24:127-150

Source/Observer: NZ Nat Sci 24:127-150 CD Meurke

Number of observations: 313

District: Christchurch City

Date: 01/01/1999

SpeciesStructural classConservation statusNative/Exotic
Acaena novae-zelandiae
(red bidibid)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Acer pseudoplatanus
(sycamore)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Achillea millefolium
(yarrow)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Aciphylla subflabellata
(speargrass)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesAt Risk – DecliningNative
Aeonium arboreum
(tree aeonium)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Agave americana
(century plant)
Herbs - MonocotsExotic
Agrostis capillaris
(browntop)
GrassesExotic
Agrostis stolonifera
(creeping bent)
GrassesExotic
Aira caryophyllea subsp. caryophyllea
(silvery hair grass)
GrassesExotic
Aira praecox
(early hair grass)
GrassesExotic
Alopecurus geniculatus
(kneed foxtail)
GrassesExotic
Alopecurus pratensis
(meadow foxtail)
GrassesExotic
Anthemis arvensis
(corn chamomile)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Anthosachne solandri
(native wheatgrass, blue wheatgrass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Anthoxanthum odoratum
(sweet vernal)
GrassesExotic
Aphanes arvensis
(parsley piert)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Arctotheca calendula
(Cape weed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Arenaria serpyllifolia
(Sandwort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Argyranthemum frutescens
(marguerite)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Aristotelia serrata
(makomako, wineberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. elatius
(tall oat grass)
GrassesExotic
Arthropodium candidumHerbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium appendiculatum subsp. appendiculatum
(ground spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium flaccidum
(drooping spleenwort, hanging spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium oblongifolium
(huruhuruwhenua, shining spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Asplenium richardii
(Richard's spleenwort)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Atriplex patula
(orache)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Atriplex prostrata
(orache)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Austroblechnum penna-marina subsp. alpina
(little hard fern, alpine hard fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica
(Cane Cactus)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Austroderia richardii
(toetoe)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Austrostipa bigeniculataGrassesExotic
Avena fatua
(wild oat)
GrassesExotic
Bellis perennis
(English daisy)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Berberis glaucocarpa
(barberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Berberis vulgaris
(European barbery)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Brassica napus var. napus
(weed rape, rape)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Briza minor
(shivery grass)
GrassesExotic
Bromus diandrus
(ripgut brome)
GrassesExotic
Bromus hordeaceus
(soft brome)
GrassesExotic
Bromus sterilis
(barren brome)
GrassesExotic
Bromus tectorum
(cheatgrass)
GrassesExotic
Bromus willdenowii
(prairie grass)
GrassesExotic
Buddleja davidii
(buddleia)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Calandrinia menziesii
(Curnow's curse)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Calendula officinalis
(marigold)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Callitriche stagnalis
(water starwort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Calystegia tuguriorum
(climbing convolvulus, NZ bindweed)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Capsella bursa-pastoris
(shepherd's purse)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Carduus tenuiflorus
(winged thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Carex breviculmis
(grassland sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Carex muricataSedgesExotic
Carex raoulii
(coastal forest sedge, Raoul's sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Carex resectans
(desert sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Carmichaelia australis
(common broom)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Castanea sativa
(sweet chestnut)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Centaurium erythraea
(centaury)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Centranthus ruber subsp. ruber
(red valerian, spur valerian)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgareHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Cerastium glomeratum
(annual mouse-ear chickweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Cheilanthes sieberi subsp. sieberi
(rock fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Chenopodiastrum murale
(nettle-leaved fathen)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Chenopodium album
(fathen)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Chenopodium allaniiHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesAt Risk – Naturally UncommonNative
Chenopodium triandrum
(pigweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera
(boneseed, bitou bush)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Cirsium arvense
(Californian thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Cirsium vulgare
(Scotch thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Claytonia perfoliata
(miner's lettuce)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Clematis vitalba
(old man's beard)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsExotic
Conium maculatum
(hemlock)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Convolvulus waitaha
(grass convolvulus)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma crassifoliaTrees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma macrocarpa subsp. macrocarpa
(large-seeded coprosma)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsAt Risk – Naturally UncommonNative
Coprosma propinqua var. propinqua
(mingimingi)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma repens
(taupata, looking glass plant, mirror plant)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma rhamnoidesTrees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma robusta
(karamū, glossy karamū)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Coprosma virescensTrees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsAt Risk – DecliningNative
Cordyline australis
(cabbage tree, tī, tī kōuka, palm lily)
Trees & Shrubs - MonocotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Corynocarpus laevigatus
(karaka, kopi)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Cotula australis
(common cotula, soldier's button)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Cotula coronopifolia
(bachelor's button, yellow buttons, waterbuttons)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Cranfillia fluviatilis
(kiwikiwi, kiwakiwa, creek fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Crassula sieberianaHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Crataegus monogyna
(hawthorn)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Crepis capillaris
(hawksbeard)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Cynosurus echinatus
(rough dogstail)
GrassesExotic
Cytisus scoparius
(wild broom)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Dactylis glomerata
(cocksfoot)
GrassesExotic
Dichondra repens
(Mercury Bay weed, dichondra)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Digitalis purpurea
(foxglove)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Dimorphotheca fruticosa
(dimorphotheca)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Discaria toumatou
(matagouri, tūmatakuru)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsAt Risk – DecliningNative
Disphyma australe subsp. australe
(horokaka, native ice plant, New Zealand ice plant)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Drosanthemum floribundumHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Dryopteris filix-mas
(male fern)
FernsExotic
Dysphania pumilio
(clammy goosefoot)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Eleocharis acuta
(sharp spike sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Elytrigia repens
(couch)
GrassesExotic
Epilobium billardiereanum
(willowherb)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Epilobium cinereum
(willowherb)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Epilobium nummulariifolium
(creeping willowherb)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Erigeron bilbaoanus
(fleabane)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Erigeron sumatrensis
(broad-leaved flea-bane)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Erodium cicutarium
(storksbill)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Erodium moschatum
(musky storksbill)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Eucalyptus globulus subsp. globulus
(blue gum)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Euchiton audax
(creeping cudweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Euchiton involucratusHerbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Euchiton japonicusHerbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Euphorbia peplus
(milkweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Festuca actae
(Banks Peninsula fescue)
GrassesAt Risk – Naturally UncommonNative
Festuca bromoides
(vulpia hair grass, brome fescue, squirrel-tailed fescue)
GrassesExotic
Festuca rubra subsp. rubra
(red fescue)
GrassesExotic
Ficinia nodosa
(wiwi, knobby club rush, ethel sedge)
SedgesNot ThreatenedNative
Ficus carica
(fig)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Fraxinus excelsior
(ash)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Freesia leichtlinii
(Freesia)
Herbs - MonocotsExotic
Galium aparine
(cleavers)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Geranium microphyllumHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesAt Risk – Naturally UncommonNative
Geranium molle
(dove's foot cranesbill)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Geranium pusillum
(small-flowered cranesbill)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Geranium solanderi
(Solander's geranium)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesAt Risk – DecliningNative
Glyceria fluitans
(floating sweetgrass)
GrassesExotic
Griselinia littoralis
(broadleaf, kāpuka, papauma)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Haloragis erecta subsp. erecta
(toatoa, fire weed, shrubby haloragis)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Helichrysum filicaule
(creeping everlasting daisy, slender everlasting daisy)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Helminthotheca echioides
(Oxtongue)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Hirschfeldia incana
(hoary mustard)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Hoheria angustifolia
(narrow-leaved houhere)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Holcus lanatus
(Yorkshire fog)
GrassesExotic
Hordeum murinum subsp. murinum
(barley grass)
GrassesExotic
Hyacinthoides non-scripta
(bluebell)
Herbs - MonocotsExotic
Hydrocotyle heteromeria
(waxweed, waxweed pennywort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Hypochaeris radicata
(catsear)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Hypolepis ambiguaFernsNot ThreatenedNative
Ilex aquifolium
(holly)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Iris foetidissima
(stinking iris)
Herbs - MonocotsExotic
Juglans regia
(common walnut)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Juncus australis
(leafless rush, wiwi)
Rushes & Allied PlantsNot ThreatenedNative
Juncus bufonius var. bufonius
(toad rush)
Rushes & Allied PlantsExotic
Juncus distegusRushes & Allied PlantsAt Risk – Naturally UncommonNative
Juncus edgariae
(wiwi, Edgar's rush)
Rushes & Allied PlantsNot ThreatenedNative
Juncus filicaulis
(leafless rush)
Rushes & Allied PlantsExotic
Juncus sarophorus
(broom rush, fan-flowered rush)
Rushes & Allied PlantsNot ThreatenedNative
Kunzea ericoides
(kānuka)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Lachnagrostis billardierei subsp. billardierei
(sand wind grass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Lactuca serriola
(prickly lettuce)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Lagurus ovatus
(harestail)
GrassesExotic
Lamium amplexicaule
(henbit)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Lathyrus latifolius
(everlasting pea)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Lathyrus nissolia
(grass vetchling)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Lathyrus pratensis
(meadow pea)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Lemna disperma
(common duckweed)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Lepidium desvauxii
(bushy peppercress, narrow-leaved cress)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Leptospermum scoparium var. scoparium
(mānuka, kahikātoa)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsAt Risk – DecliningNative
Libertia ixioides
(mikoikoi, NZ iris)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Ligustrum vulgare
(common privet)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Linaria purpurea
(purple linaria)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Linum catharticum
(purging flax)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Linum monogynum var. monogynumHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesAt Risk – DecliningNative
Lolium arundinaceum subsp. arundinaceum
(tall fescue)
GrassesExotic
Lolium perenne
(perennial rye grass)
GrassesExotic
Lolium ×holmbergiiGrassesExotic
Lotus pedunculatus
(lotus)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Lupinus arboreus
(tree lupin)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Luzula banksiana var. orina
(coastal woodrush)
Rushes & Allied PlantsNot ThreatenedNative
Lycium ferocissimum
(boxthorn)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Malus ×domestica
(apple)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Malva neglecta
(dwarf mallow)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Malva parviflora
(small-flowered mallow)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Malva sylvestris
(large-flowered mallow)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Marrubium vulgare
(horehound)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Medicago arabica
(spotted bur medick)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Medicago nigra
(bur medick)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Melicytus alpinus
(porcupine shrub)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Melicytus ramiflorus subsp. ramiflorus
(māhoe, hinahina, whitey wood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Melilotus indicus
(King Island melilot)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Melilotus officinalis
(yellow sweet clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Melissa officinalis
(lemon balm)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Mesembryanthemum cordifolium
(heart-leaf ice plant)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Microtis unifolia
(onion-leaved orchid, microtis)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Montia fontana subsp. chondrosperma
(dwarf montia)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Muehlenbeckia australis
(pōhuehue, large-leaved muehlenbeckia)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Muehlenbeckia axillaris
(creeping pōhuehue, creeping muehlenbeckia)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Muehlenbeckia complexa var. complexa
(small-leaved pōhuehue, scrub pōhuehue, wire vine)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Myoporum aff. insulare
(Tasmanian ngaio, boobialla)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Myoporum laetum
(ngaio)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Myrsine australis
(red mapou, red matipo, mapau, red maple)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Narcissus pseudonarcissus
(daffodil)
Herbs - MonocotsExotic
Narcissus tazettaHerbs - MonocotsExotic
Nasturtium officinale
(Watercress)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Olearia avicenniifolia
(mountain akeake)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Olearia paniculata
(akiraho, golden akeake)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Olearia traversiorum
(hakapiri, Chatham Island akeake,)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Oxalis exilis
(creeping oxalis, yellow oxalis)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Oxalis rubensHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Oxybasis ambiguaHerbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesAt Risk – DecliningNative
Parapholis incurva
(sickle grass)
GrassesExotic
Pelargonium inodorum
(kōpata)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Pellaea rotundifolia
(round-leaved fern, New Zealand cliff brake)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Petrorhagia prolifera
(Proliferous pink)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Phalaris aquatica
(phalaris)
GrassesExotic
Phleum pratense
(Timothy)
GrassesExotic
Phormium tenax
(flax, harakeke, kōrari (Māori name for inflorescence).)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Picea sitchensis
(Sitka spruce)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsExotic
Pilosella officinarum
(hawkweed, mouse-ear hawkweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Pinus nigra subsp. nigra
(black pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsExotic
Pinus pinaster
(cluster pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsExotic
Pinus radiata
(Monterey pine, radiata pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsExotic
Piper excelsum subsp. excelsum
(kawakawa, pepper tree)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pittosporum eugenioides
(tarata, lemonwood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pittosporum ralphii
(karo)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pittosporum tenuifolium
(kohukohu, kōhūhū, black matipo)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Plagianthus divaricatus
(salt marsh ribbonwood, marsh ribbonwood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Plagianthus regius subsp. regius
(mānatu, ribbonwood, lowland ribbonwood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Plantago coronopus
(buck's horn plantain)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Plantago lanceolata
(narrow-leaved plantain)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Poa annua
(annual poa)
GrassesExotic
Poa cita
(silver tussock)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Poa pratensis
(Kentucky bluegrass)
GrassesExotic
Podocarpus totara var. totara
(tōtara)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsNot ThreatenedNative
Polycarpon tetraphyllum
(allseed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Polygonum aviculare
(wireweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Polypodium vulgare
(common polypody)
FernsExotic
Polystichum neozelandicum subsp. neozelandicumFernsNot ThreatenedNative
Populus alba
(white poplar)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Potamogeton cheesemanii
(red pondweed)
Herbs - MonocotsNot ThreatenedNative
Prunella vulgaris
(self-heal)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Prunus armeniaca
(apricot)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Prunus avium
(sweet cherry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Prunus cerasifera
(cherry plum)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Prunus cerasus
(sour cherry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Prunus persica
(peach)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Pseudognaphalium luteoalbumHerbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Pseudopanax arboreus
(fivefinger, five finger, whauwhaupaku)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pseudopanax crassifolius
(horoeka, lancewood)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Pseudotsuga menziesii
(Douglas fir, Oregon pine)
Trees & Shrubs - GymnospermsExotic
Pteridium esculentum
(bracken, rarauhe, bracken fern)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Puccinellia stricta
(saltgrass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Pyrrosia elaeagnifolia
(leather-leaf fern, pyrrosia)
FernsNot ThreatenedNative
Pyrus communis
(pear)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Quercus robur
(oak, European oak)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Ranunculus acris subsp. acris
(giant buttercup)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Ranunculus parviflorus
(small-flowered buttercup)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Ranunculus sardous
(hairy buttercup)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Ranunculus sceleratus
(celery-leaved buttercup)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Reseda alba
(white mignonette)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Reseda luteola
(wild mignonette)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Ribes sanguineum
(flowering currant)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Ribes uva-crispa
(gooseberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Rosa rubiginosa
(sweet brier)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Rubus schmidelioides var. schmidelioides
(tātarāmoa, bush lawyer, white-leaved lawyer)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Rubus squarrosus
(leafless lawyer, yellow-prickled lawyer)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Rumex acetosella
(sheep's sorrel)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Rumex crispus
(curled dock)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Rumex obtusifolius
(broad-leaved dock)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Rytidosperma clavatum
(bristle grass)
GrassesNot ThreatenedNative
Rytidosperma racemosum
(danthonia)
GrassesExotic
Sagina procumbens
(procumbent pearlwort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Salicornia quinqueflora
(glasswort)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Salix cinerea
(grey willow, pussy willow)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Salix fragilis × S. euxina
(crack willow)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Sambucus nigra
(elder, elderflower, elderberry)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Samolus repens var. repens
(Sea primrose, shore pimpernel, water pimpernel)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Sedum acre
(stonecrop)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Senecio glomeratus subsp. glomeratus
(fireweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Senecio lautus
(shore groundsel, variable groundsel)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Senecio minimus
(fireweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Senecio quadridentatus
(cotton fireweed, white fireweed, pahokoraka)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Silene gallica
(catchfly)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Silybum marianum
(variegated thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Sisymbrium officinale
(hedge mustard)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Solanum aviculare var. aviculare
(poroporo)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsThreatened – Nationally VulnerableNative
Solanum laciniatum
(poroporo, bullibulli)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Solanum nigrum
(black nightshade)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Solanum nitidibaccatum
(hairy nightshade)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Sonchus asper
(prickly sow thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Sonchus kirkii
(puha, shore puha, New Zealand sow thistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesAt Risk – DecliningNative
Sonchus oleraceus
(sow thistle, sowthistle)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Sophora microphylla
(kōwhai, weeping kōwhai, small-leaved kōwhai)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Sophora prostrata
(kōwhai, prostrate kōwhai)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Stachys arvensis
(staggerweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Stellaria media subsp. media
(chickweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Stellaria parviflora
(New Zealand chickweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative
Stuartina muelleri
(spoon-leaved cudweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Styphelia nesophila
(pātōtara, dwarf mingimingi)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Tetragonia trigyna
(native spinach)
Lianes & Related Trailing Plants - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Thelymitra longifolia
(white sun orchid, māikuku)
OrchidsNot ThreatenedNative
Tragopogon porrifolius
(Salsify)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Trifolium dubium
(suckling clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Trifolium fragiferum
(strawberry clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Trifolium glomeratum
(clustered clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Trifolium pratense
(red clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Trifolium repens
(white clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Trifolium striatum
(striated clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Trifolium subterraneum
(subclover, subterranean clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Trifolium tomentosum
(woolly clover)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Tripleurospermum inodorum
(scentless mayweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesExotic
Ulex europaeus
(gorse)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsExotic
Urtica ferox
(ongaonga, tree nettle)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Urtica urens
(nettle, stinging nettle)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Verbascum thapsus
(woolly mullein, common mullein)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Verbascum virgatum
(moth mullein, wand mullein)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Veronica arvensis
(field speedwell, corn speedwell)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Veronica salicifolia
(koromiko)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsNot ThreatenedNative
Veronica strictissima
(Banks Peninsula hebe)
Trees & Shrubs - DicotyledonsAt Risk – Naturally UncommonNative
Vicia hirsuta
(hairy vetch, tiny vetch)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Vicia sativa
(vetch)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Vicia tetrasperma
(smooth tare)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesExotic
Vittadinia australis
(white fuzzweed)
Herbs - Dicotyledonous compositesNot ThreatenedNative
Wahlenbergia violacea
(violet harebell)
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than CompositesNot ThreatenedNative