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  4. Pseudotsuga menziesii

Pseudotsuga menziesii

Pseudotsuga menziesii.<br>Photographer: John Smith-Dodsworth, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
Pseudotsuga menziesii.<br>Photographer: John Smith-Dodsworth, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
Castle Hill village. May 2010.<br>Photographer: Colin C. Ogle, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Castle Hill village. May 2010.<br>Photographer: Colin C. Ogle, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Pseudotsuga menziesii.<br>Photographer: Mike Thorsen, Licence: All rights reserved. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
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Common name

Douglas fir, Oregon pine

Family

Pinaceae

Authority

Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco

Flora category

Vascular – Exotic

Structural class

Trees & Shrubs - Gymnosperms

NVS code

The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.

PSEMEN

Habitat

Terrestrial. A plant of lowland, montane and subalpine habitats growing in sites with low-moderate fertility (Timmins & MacKenzie 1995). A plant of scrub and forest margin communities, shrublands, tussockland and light wells in forest (Timmins & MacKenzie 1995).

Features

Very large resinous evergreen tree. Bark thick, reddish-brown beneath, rough and furrowed when mature. Branches in irregular whorls, horizontal; branchlets usually drooping. Shoots light to dark brown, ridged, with short hairs. Winter buds to 1 cm long, shining purplish-brown, narrow and sharp. Leaves 15-38 x 1-2 mm, in 2 ranks, needle-like, whitish beneath, edges often rolled, orange-scented when crushed. Male cones 12-20 mm long, catkin-like. Female cones 5-10 cm long, cylindric, papery, downward-pointing; seed scales large and broad; bract scales longer and thinner than seed scales, 3-pointed, centre point longest.

Similar taxa

Pseudotsuga can be separated from Tsuga as it lacks the persistent leaf base. Pseudotsuga macrocarpa is known to be cultivated in New Zealand and has cones 10 - 18 cm long. P. sinensis & P. japonica is also cultivated in specialist collections; both are from Asia .

Flower colours

No flowers

Propagation technique

Seed

Year naturalised

1925

Origin

N. America

Reason For Introduction

Forestry.

Life Cycle Comments

Perennial. Seedlings require the presence of a mycorrhizal fungi with seedlings establishing most readily on well lit sheltered sites where there is no competition from other vegetation. The plant seldom spreads onto land where vegetation cover is dense. Seed is produced at a rate of 20 000 seeds per mature tree annually (Timmins & MacKenzie 1995).

Seed is dispersed in autumn and winter by wind and gravity and remains viable for a few weeks to many years.

Tolerances

The plant is tolerant to shade, more so than other conifers and intolerant of drought. The plant is frost tolerant when it is higher than 2m. Physical damage results in regrowth if green foliage remains intact, recovers from browsing (Timmins & MacKenzie 1995). The plant recovers after fire if there is an adjacent seed source.

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