Gentianella impressinervia
Common names
gentian
Biostatus
Native – Endemic taxon
Category
Vascular
Structural class
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites
Flower colours
White, Yellow
Detailed description
Plants polycarpic, height in flower 160–600 mm. Caudex branched, 65–300 mm long, leaf scars conspicuous, stolons usually present. Root 2.9–4.5 mm diameter at stem base. Flowering stems terminal and lateral, 4–6 per plant, largest flowering stem 2.5–5.5 mm diameter at base, stem colour tinted crimson, brown, or bronze, lateral flowering stems erect, flowering stem leaves 2–7 pairs per stem, lowest pedicels from ½ up flowering stem or near apex of flowering stem. Rosette of leaves not distinct or distinct from flowering stem leaves; leaves elliptic or obovate, 18–61 mm long, 7.9–21.0 mm wide, green or tinted crimson below, or slightly bronze-tinted, glossy, flat or slightly V-shaped, recurved or not, with lateral veins impressed on upper leaf surface; leaf apex apiculate or rounded; petiole absent or indistinct, 3.5–5.5 mm wide at leaf base. Flowering stem leaves ovate or obovate as for rosette leaves but sessile and almost amplexicaul, c.19 × 12 mm. Pedicels 1-2 per leaf axil, 12–35 mm long, 1.1–1.4 mm diameter Flowers 6–42 per plant, 19–24 mm long, rarely female. Calyx 7.9–12.7 mm long, green, hairs at calyx–corolla fusion line present; lobes 6.6–9.4 × 2.9–3.7 mm wide at base, plane, apices acute, margins smooth, sinus hairs absent, sparse, or abundant. Corolla 1624 mm long; tube yellow or yellow-green, 4.6–7.2 mm long; lobes white with veins uncoloured, 11.3–18.1 × 7.5–12.5 mm, hairs below sinus present; nectary 1.2–2.2 mm from corolla base, dark yellow. Filaments 9.0–11.5 mm long from corolla base, 1.2–1.7 mm wide. Anthers 2.8–3.9 mm long, anther wall bluish purple, mouth yellow, extrorse at anthesis; pollen yellow. Stigma colourless. Ovules 44–84 per ovary, ovary yellow in maturity. Capsule 20–23 mm long.
Similar taxa
Recognised by its height (350–600 mm); much branched robust caudex with a rosette of leaves at the base of each flowering stem; by the thick, broadly elliptic to obovate leaves with apiculate or rounded apices and glossy upper surface, with three impressed veins on the upper surface; the large fl owers (c.21–24 mm long), and the large anthers (2.8–3.9 mm long). Superficially similar to G. montana with which it often grows and from which it differs having a yellow corolla tube.
Distribution
Endemic. New Zealand: South Island (north-western Nelson, North Westland, Canterbury)
Habitat
Alpine in tall- and short-tussock grasslands developed on ridge lines and hill slopes, also in herbfield.
Current conservation status
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
Please note, threat classifications are often suggested by authors when publications fall between NZTCS assessment periods – these interim threat classification statuses has not been assessed by the NZTCS panel.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2023 | Not Threatened
Detailed taxonomy
Family
Gentianaceae
Synonyms
None (described in 2004)
Endemic taxon
Yes
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Ecology
Flowering
February – March
Fruiting
March - May
Life cycle and dispersal
Seeds dispersed by ballistic projection, wind and water (Thorsen et al., 2009)
Propagation technique
Difficult. Should not be removed from the wild.
Other information
Where To Buy
Not commercially available.
Etymology
gentianella: Little Gentiana (named after Gentius, 6th century king of Illyria, who found the roots of the yellow gentian to have a healing effect on his malaria-stricken troops)
NVS code
The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.
GENIMP
Chromosome number
2n = 36
Previous conservation statuses
2017 | Not Threatened
2012 | Not Threatened
2009 | Not Threatened
2004 | Not Threatened
Referencing and citations
References and further reading
Glenny, D. 2004: A revision of the genus Gentianella in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 42: 361-530.
Thorsen, M. J.; Dickinson, K. J. M.; Seddon, P. J. 2009. Seed dispersal systems in the New Zealand flora. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 11: 285-309
Attribution
Fact Sheet for NZPCN prepared by P.J. de Lange (1 November 2004). Description modified from Glenny (2004)