Ourisia spathulata
Common names
mountain foxglove
Biostatus
Native
Category
Vascular
Structural class
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites
Flower colours
White
Detailed description
Perennial herbs 66-187 mm tall, with erect inflorescences and repent leaves; stems 1.8-5.6 mm diameter, internodes 2.2-6.4 mm long, more or less glabrous. Leaves subrosulate to tightly packed along creeping stems; petiole 3.8-21.8 x 2.1-8.6 mm, glandular (rarely eglandular) pilose, mainly on margins; lamina 7.6-29.4 x 7.0-20.3 mm; obovate to very broadly obovate, apex rounded, base cuneate, tapering to wide petiole, margin evenly crenate, upper surface velutinous, hairs densely glandular/eglandular, undersides prominently veined, less hairy, hairs mostly glandular. Inflorescence, racemose, 1-8-flowered, 74-190 mm long, erect, bracteate, with 1-4 flowering nodes, 2 bracts and 1-2- flowers per node; peduncle 0.7-1.8 mm diameter, pilose, densely glandular/eglandular hairy. Floral bracts up to 8.7-14.5 x 3.1-6.1 mm, sessile, parallel to peduncle, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, margin with irregular, obscure notches near apex, glandular/eglandular pilose. Flowers 13.1-23.3 x 8.8-19.8 mm; pedicel 8.0-36.0 mm long, pilose, hairs mostly glandular. Calyx 6.4-9.1 x 5.1-9.4 mm, irregular, externally and on margins, eglandular/glandular pilose, internally glabrous, anterior calyx lobes 6.8-9.2 x 2.0-3.2 mm, posterior calyx lobes 1.1-4.0 x 1.5-3.3 mm, 3 posterior lobes divided 1/3-2/3 of calyx length, 2 anterior lobes divided to near base, mostly lanceolate, or narrowly ovate, elliptic or oblanceolate, apex rounded or subacute, prominently 3-veined below. Corolla 18.6-23.8 x 18.4-22.5 mm when flattened, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform, straight or curved, white externally glabrous; tube 7.5-13.6 x 3.1-5.6 mm at apex, 1.9-3.4 mm wide at base, not constricted near base, yellow inside, glabrous; anterior corolla lobes 5.5-11.1 x 3.6-7.6 at widest point, 1.3-4.2 mm wide at base, posterior corolla lobes 4.3-8.9 x 2.9-7.7 mm wide at widest point, 1.5-3.4 mm wide at base, spreading, obovate or slightly obcordate. Stamens 4, didynamous; comprising two long stamens 6.1-7.0 mm long, included, and two short stamens 5.1-6.8 mm long, included; anthers 0.8-1.0 x 0.9-1.4 mm, reniform to horseshoe-shaped; staminode c.0.3-0.7 mm long, inserted c.0.1-0.4 mm above base of corolla. Style 4.2-5.3 mm long, base straight or slightly bent, included or slightly exserted; stigma 0.3-0.5 mm diameter, emarginate to subcapitate; ovary 3.2-3.8 x 1.4-2.7 mm, glabrous. Capsules, fruits and Seeds not yet described.
Similar taxa
Distinguished by the mixtures of glandular/eglandular hairs on most parts; internally glabrous corolla tube; zygomorphic corolla and calyx; velvety, spathulate leaves with wide flat petioles; and by the leaves opposite along stems or subrosulate. Closest to O. simpsonii (L.B.Moore) Arroyo and O. sessiliflora Hook.f.
Distribution
Endemic. South Island where confiend to northern Southland (Thomson, Livingstone and Eyre Range as well as East Dome).
Habitat
Low to high alpine (980-1430 m a.s.l.) in herbfields, tussock grasslands or scrubland. Usually in south-facing sites on rocky outcrops, boulders, and cliffs. Often in dry habitats.
Current conservation status
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
Please note, threat classifications are often suggested by authors when publications fall between NZTCS assessment periods – these interim threat classification statuses has not been assessed by the NZTCS panel.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2023 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: RR
Threats
Not Threatened. However a very localised species of limited geographic range - hence its current listing
Detailed taxonomy
Family
Plantaginaceae
Synonyms
None (first described 1984)
Endemic taxon
Yes
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Ecology
Flowering
November - January
Fruiting
January - March
Propagation technique
Difficult - should not be removed from the wild
Other information
Where To Buy
Not commercially available
Etymology
ourisia: After Ouris, governor of the Falkland Islands
spathulata: Shaped like a flattened spoon (leaves)
NVS code
The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.
OURSPA
Chromosome number
2 n= 48
Previous conservation statuses
2017 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: RR
2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: RR, Sp
2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: DP
2004 | Range Restricted
Referencing and citations
References and further reading
Meudt, H.M. 2006: Monograph of Ourisia (Plantaginaceae), Systematic Botany Monographs 77. 188pp.
Attribution
Description based on Meudt (2006).