Hoheria glabrata
Common names
mountain lacebark
Biostatus
Native – Endemic taxon
Category
Vascular
Structural class
Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons
Simplified description
Small spreading soft-wooded deciduous tree inhabiting wetter mountain areas of western South Island and Mt Taranaki. Leaves thin, widest at base and narrowing to point, margin with many uneven blunt teeth, on long stalks. Flowers white, cupped, developing into a dry narrowly-winged fruit.
Flower colours
Violet/Purple, White
Detailed description
Tree up to 10 m tall, deciduous; hairs stellate; leaves heteroblastic. Juvenile leaves: lamina 13–50 × 15–30 mm, broad-elliptic to suborbicular, both surfaces sparsely hairy or glabrate; apex subacute to acute; base cordate to weakly truncate; margin deeply lobed to strongly crenate; petiole 20–55 mm long, sparsely hairy. Adult leaves: lamina 36–180 × 25–80 mm, elliptic to ovate, adaxial and abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy to glabrate; apex acute to acuminate; margins crenate or double-crenate; base cordate to occasionally weakly truncate; petiole 25–85 mm long, sparsely to moderately hairy. Flowers axillary, solitary or in cymose fasicles of 2–3. Pedicels 12–25 mm long, sparsely to moderately hairy. Calyx 3.7–6.0 mm high, 7.0–9.2 mm wide, campanulate, densely hairy; lobes 5–6, 2.2–4.1 × 2.8–3.4 mm, triangular, apex acute. Petals 5(–6), 12.8–20.5 × 11.7–15.5 mm, white, oblong-orbicular to broadly oblong, adaxial surface and margin toward proximal part with scattered simple hairs, abaxial surface sparsely to moderately hairy; claw 1.5–2.5 mm long. Stamens 34–42; filaments 8.5–13.5 mm long, white, in pairs and adnate for one-quarter to three-quarters of their length, column with stellate and simple patent hairs; anthers 0.7–0.8 mm long. Carpels 10–15; ovary ovoid, 0.8–2.0 mm long, 0.8–2.0 mm diameter, densely hairy; style 8.7–10.6 mm long, pink, sparsely hairy, fused in lower half; stigma 0.3–0.4 mm diam., capitate to slightly decurrent with style. Mericarp body 3.8–4.8 × 3.5–4.1 mm, broadly elliptic, laterally compressed; wing 2.0–3.4 mm wide, extending from upper two-thirds of dorsal surface, weakly ribbed, sparsely hairy, margin irregularly toothed. Seeds 2.9–4.5 × 1.9–3.2 mm, orange brown, glabrous, semicircular to triangular, broader toward base, biconvex or with a rounded dorsal surface, with a narrow wing c. 0.5 mm wide, usually separating from mericarp at maturity. Description from: Heenan et al. (2005).
Similar taxa
Distinguishing Characters: Hoheria glabrata is distinguished from H. lyalli by the longer leaves with distinctly cordate bases, sparsely hairy surfaces, shallow marginal indentations, and an acuminate apex.
Distribution
Endemic. South Island only, where found mainly west of the main divide but extending eastwards into Central Otago, where it overlaps with H. lyallii
Habitat
Montane to subalpine. Occupying a wide range of open and disturbed habitats including forest margins and open forest, montane scrub, avalanche trails and slip scars, along river and stream banks, and river fans
Current conservation status
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
Please note, threat classifications are often suggested by authors when publications fall between NZTCS assessment periods – these interim threat classification statuses has not been assessed by the NZTCS panel.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2023 | Not Threatened
Detailed taxonomy
Family
Malvaceae
Endemic taxon
Yes
Endemic genus
Yes
Endemic family
No
Ecology
Flowering
February - March
Fruiting
April - July
Life cycle and dispersal
Winged mericarps are dispersed by wind (Thorsen et al., 2009).
Propagation technique
Best from fresh seed. An extremely attractive species, unusual in the New Zealand flora for its deciduous habit. Prefers a damp soil in a sunny site, and does best in cooler climates. Dislikes humidity and will not flower in warmer climates unless it is subjected to cold treatment
Other information
Cultivation
Occasionally available from specialist native plant nurseries
Etymology
hoheria: Latin version of the Maori name houhere which refers to H. populnea and H. glabrata.
glabrata: Hairless
NVS code
The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.
HOHGLA
Chromosome number
2n = 42
Previous conservation statuses
2017 | Not Threatened
2012 | Not Threatened
2009 | Not Threatened
2004 | Not Threatened
Referencing and citations
References and further reading
Heenan, P.B.; Dawson, M.I.; Redmond, D.N.; Wagstaff, S.J. 2005: Relationships of the New Zealand mountain ribbonwoods (Hoheria glabrata and H. lyallii: Malvaceae), based on molecular and morphological data. New Zealand Journal of Botany 43: 527–549.
Moorfield, J. C. (2005). Te aka : Maori-English, English-Maori dictionary and index. Pearson Longman: Auckland, N.Z.
Thorsen, M. J.; Dickinson, K. J. M.; Seddon, P. J. 2009. Seed dispersal systems in the New Zealand flora. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 11: 285-309
Attribution
Fact Sheet Prepared for NZPCN by P.J. de Lange 3 April 2011
NZPCN Fact Sheet citation
Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Hoheria glabrata Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/hoheria-glabrata/ (Date website was queried)