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  4. Gunnera arenaria

Gunnera arenaria

Mason Bay, Stewart Island.<br>Photographer: Mike Thorsen, Licence: All rights reserved.
Photo by Rebecca Stanley.<br>Photographer: Unknown, Licence: All rights reserved.
Leaves and flowers, Farewell Spit Nature Reserve.<br>Photographer: Simon Walls, Date taken: 1 November 2008, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Mason Bay, Stewart Island.<br>Photographer: Mike Thorsen, Licence: All rights reserved.
Mason Bay, Stewart Island.<br>Photographer: Mike Thorsen, Licence: All rights reserved.
Cabbage Tree Flat, Farewell Spit Nature Reserve, Sept, 2011.<br>Photographer: Simon Walls, Date taken: 1 September 2011, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
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Synonyms

None

Family

Gunneraceae

Authority

Gunnera arenaria Cheeseman

Flora category

Vascular – Native

Endemic taxon

Yes

Endemic genus

No

Endemic family

No

Structural class

Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites

NVS code

The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.

GUNARE

Chromosome number

2n = 34

Current conservation status

  • Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2017 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). This report includes a statistical summary and brief notes on changes since 2012 and replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Authors: By Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe, John W. Barkla, Shannel P. Courtney, Paul D. Champion, Leon R. Perrie, Sarah M. Beadel, Kerry A. Ford, Ilse Breitwieser, Ines Schönberger, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Peter B. Heenan and Kate Ladley.

2012 | At Risk – Declining | Qualifiers: DP

Previous conservation statuses

2009 | At Risk – Declining | Qualifiers: DP

2004 | Gradual Decline

Distribution

Endemic. North, South and Stewart Islands from the Pouto Peninsula south and mainly westerly in its distribution. Occurring locally throughout.

Habitat

A coastal species of damp sand ground, dune slacks and swales, and along tidal river margins. It also grows on coastal sandstone bluffs in some parts of the country.

Features

Low growing herb, mat forming. Stolons rather stout, usually creeping through sand, branched, up to approximately 40 cm. long. Leaves on stout, more or less flat, amplexicaul petioles up to 5 cm. long. Lamina rather diversely shaped (on same plant) oblong to ovate to sub-rhombic, cuneate to subcordate at base, subcoriaceous, grey-green, 7-12-(20) × 9-15 mm., subglabrous, coarsely crenate, sometimes lobed. Inflorescence up to 7 cm. long, flowers sessile. Staminate flower with filiform calyx-lobes, minute bracts; petals 2, about lanceolate, glabrous, more or less 2 mm. long; filaments obsolete. Pistillate flowers with triangular calyx-lobes more or less 6 mm. long; styles filiform, up to 5 mm. long. Drupes clavate to obconic, patent to pendulous, more or less apiculate, on elongated scapes, yellow to pale red, more or less 4-6 mm. long.

Flowering

November - March

Fruiting

November - May

Threats

At risk from coastal development, wetland drainage and the spread of invasive weeds. Some populations have been destroyed by coastal erosion.

Etymology

gunnera: Named after Bishop Gunner, a Swedish botanist

arenaria: Sand dweller

Attribution

Description adapted by M. Ward from Allan (1961).

References and further reading

Allan, H. H. 1961 Flora of New Zealand. Volume I. Wellington, N. Z. pg. 251.

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