Peperomia leptostachya
Biostatus
Native
Category
Vascular
Structural class
Herbs - Dicotyledons other than Composites
Detailed description
Succulent perennial herb forming sparingly to densely branched shrublets up to 500 x 600 mm. Stems light yellow gree to reddish-green, ascending or erect from creeping base, 150-250-500 mm long, up to 10 mm diameter at base, branches less toward apex, internodes 10-40 mm apart; surfaces finely puberulent (hairs 0.3-0.8 mm long). Leaves opposite or sometimes ternate, usually falling readily. Petioles 5-10 mm long, puberulent. Leaf lamina 15-60 x 12-30 mm, dark green to yellow-green, lower surface paler, elliptic-obovate to elliptic, or elliptic-ovate, apex broadly acute, obtuse or rounded, base cuneate to broadly cuneate; palmately 3-5-nerved, finely puberulent, moderately firm-fleshy, thin and membranous. Inflorescences axillary or terminal spikes, these numerous, 20-130 mm long, rachis 0.5-1 mm diameter, glabrous. Flowers moderately close to loosely spaced, peduncles 5-25 mm long, puberulent with finely spreading to appressed hairs; ovary broadly ovoid, apex oblique; stigmas subterminal. Fruit broadly obovoid 0.9-1 mm.
Similar taxa
It is not closely allied to any of the other species found in New Zealand. On Raoul Island it grows with P. urvilleana from which it is easily distinguished by its larger uniformly hairy leaves
Distribution
In New Zealand known from Raoul Island (Kermadec Island group) only. Common on islands throughout the Pacific
Habitat
In New Zealand found as a low epiphyte on Kermadec Pohutukawa (Metrosideros kermadecensis W.R.B.Oliv.), on cliff faces and amongst rocks and rubble beneath cliff faces and ravines on Raoul Island.
Current conservation status
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2023 | Non-resident Native – Coloniser | Qualifiers: OL, SO
Threats
Still uncommon on Raoul Island, though recent (2004, 2009) field survey suggests it is actively increasing its range on that island (de Lange 2020).
Detailed taxonomy
Family
Synonyms
Has been referred to as Peperomia blanda var. floribunda (Miq.) H.Huber
Endemic taxon
No
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Ecology
Flowering
October - July
Fruiting
October - July
Propagation technique
Easy from rooted pieces, stem cuttings and (if available) fresh seed. Cold sensitive but an excellent pot plant fora warm, shaded site in the house
Other information
Status notes
Formerly listed as a vagrant. It is now clear that it is actively spreading and as it is apaprently no longer constrained to a particular habitat on Raoul Island it is better regarded as a Coloniser. New Zealand plants were initially referred to P. leptostachya, then Sykes & West (1996) following Forster (1993) placed Raoul plants in P. blanda var. floribunda by Forster (1993) (see also comments by Murray & de Lange (2013). Recently Mathieu (2020) showed that Peperomia blanda var. floribunda was a superfluous name and that the widespread Pacific Basin plant that had been referred to it and to P. blanda was actually P. leptostachya. Peperomia blanda is a northern South American species (see also comments by de Lange 2020).
Etymology
peperomia: From the Greek peperi (pepper) and homoios (resembling), referring to its resemblance to a true pepper (to which it is closely related)
leptostachya: Slender spiked
Chromosome number
2n = 66
Previous conservation statuses
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2017 | Non-resident Native – Coloniser | Qualifiers: OL, SO
2012 | Non-resident Native – Coloniser | Qualifiers: OL, SO
2009 | Non-resident Native – Coloniser | Qualifiers: SO, OL
2004 | Non-resident Native – Vagrant
Referencing and citations
References and further reading
de Lange, P.J. 2020: Peperomia leptostachya (Piperaceae) on Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands—a name reinstated. Trilepidea 197: 3-8
Forster, P.I. 1993: A taxonomic revision of the genus Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. (Piperaceae) in mainland Australia. Austrobaileya 4: 93-104.
Mathieu, G. 2020: Peperomia leptostachya (Piperaceae) revived. Candollea 75: 45-49.
Murray, B.G.; de Lange, P.J. 2013: Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora – 40. Miscellaneous counts for 36 families. New Zealand Journal of Botany 51: 31–60.
Sykes, W.R.; West, C.J. 1996: New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands. New Zealand Journal of Botany 34: 447–462.
Attribution
Fact Sheet prepared by P.J. de Lange (30 August 2011). Description based on fresh specimens and live plants from Raoul Island.
NZPCN Fact Sheet citation
Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Peperomia leptostachya Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/peperomia-leptostachya/ (Date website was queried)