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  4. Danhatchia australis

Danhatchia australis

Under taraire, Great Barrier Island. Jan 1983.<br>Photographer: Ewen Cameron, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
Danhatchia australis.<br>Photographer: John Smith-Dodsworth, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
Danhatchia australis.<br>Photographer: John Smith-Dodsworth, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
Danhatchia australis.<br>Photographer: John Smith-Dodsworth, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
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Common name

Yoania, Danhatchia

Synonyms

Yoania australis Hatch

Family

Orchidaceae

Authority

Danhatchia australis ( Hatch ) Garay et Christenson

Flora category

Vascular – Native

Endemic taxon

No

Endemic genus

No

Endemic family

No

Structural class

Orchids

NVS code

The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.

DANAUS

Chromosome number

2n = 22

Current conservation status

  • Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2017 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). This report includes a statistical summary and brief notes on changes since 2012 and replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Authors: By Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe, John W. Barkla, Shannel P. Courtney, Paul D. Champion, Leon R. Perrie, Sarah M. Beadel, Kerry A. Ford, Ilse Breitwieser, Ines Schönberger, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Peter B. Heenan and Kate Ladley.

2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: Sp, TO

Previous conservation statuses

2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon

2004 | Not Threatened

Distribution

Endemic. New Zealand (see de Lange & Molloy 1998): North and South Islands. In the North Island recorded from Waipoua south to Mt Pirongia but mainly found north of Waiuku. Also on Little and Great Barrier and the Mokohinau Islands. In the South Island known only from the Kaihoka Lakes area, north-west Nelson.

Habitat

Coastal to lowland, in forest dominated by taraire (Beilschmiedia tarairi) and nikau (Rhopalostylis sapida). This saprophytic orchid grows in deep leaf litter intermixed with a fungus which is mostly associated with nikau. Popular mythology has it that it is exclusively associated with taraire this is incorrect (see de Lange & Molloy 1998). It has also been collected once growing from amongst dense shrubs of Spanish Heather (Erica lusitanica). Easily overlooked as it does not necessarily flower every year, and after heavy flowering plants may rest for several years before flowering again.

Features

Saprophytic, subterranean, leafless, rhizomatous, perennial herb lacking chlorophyll. Rhizomes buried deep within partially decomposed leaves and leaf mould; 3-5 mm diameter, vermiform, brittle, more or less opaque, pinkish grey coloured, much-branched and interwoven, irregularly bearing tufts of long colourless hairs, and vestigial scale-leaves. Stems erect up to 200 mm tall, unbranched, pale rose-pink, pinkish-grey, pale brown to mushroom grey, glabrescent to glandular-pubescent. Scale-leaves 1-7(-15), 10-15 mm long, chartaceous, much paler than stem, many-nerved, basal scale-leaves semi-tubular, those higher up open-sheathed. Floral bracts similar to scale-leaves. Pedicels very short. Flowers 1-5(-10), suberect. Perianth 6 mm long, brownish or pinkish-grey with white apices, externally more or less glandular-pubescent. Dorsal sepal more or less oblong, slightly concave; lateral sepals similar, more or less spreading. Petals similar, included within sepals. Labellum sessile, orbicular to broadly oblong, column-embracing; base broad, slightly pouched bearing on each side several fleshy hairs and/or elongated calli; median line thickened; sides becoming thick, fleshy and stiff towards apex, externally tuberculate; margins inturned, thin and membranous; mid-lobe minute, orbicular, deeply concave. Column almost as tall as labellum, basally subcylindric becoming winged, wings very narrow; filament broad, rigid; connective slightly produced; anther tall, erect, stationary, each cell with two sets of transversely oblique, closely packed, vermiform, sectile, pollinia; stigma appearing bilobed, often funneliform, with side lobes that flare widely in old flowers; rostellum long, narrow-triangular, wedged between the long pollinia.

Similar taxa

None. It could be confused with Gastrodia which can grow in similar habitats but orchids from that genus have much taller, glabrous, dark brown or black-brown, spotted stems bearing fewer scale-leaves, and larger flowers.

Flowering

December - February

Flower colours

Grey, White

Fruiting

December - April

Propagation technique

A saprophytic orchid which is unknown from cultivation. Should not be removed from the wild

Threats

Not Threatened in New Zealand - but not very common either, and at risk from orchid collectors.

Etymology

australis: Southern

Taxonomic Notes

Plants discovered in Australia in 2009 and initially assigned to Danhatchia australis were then described as a new species D. novaehollandiae D.L.Jones et M.A.Clem. (Jones & Clements 2018). However, subsequent critical assessment of this species by Orchid experts at the New South Wales Herbarium (NSW, Sydney) can see no valid reason to uphold D. novae-hollandiae (M.A.M. Renner puers. comm.). It is their view, and this is accepted here, that Danhatchia novaehollandiae is the same as D. australis.

See: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&search=yes&namesearch=Danhatchia+novaehollandiae&dist=

http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Danhatchia~australis

Attribution

Fact sheet prepared for NZPCN by P.J. de Lange 2 March 2007. Description adapted from Moore & Edgar (1970), supplemented with observations obtained from fresh plants and herbarium specimens.

References and further reading

de Lange P.J.; Molloy B.PJ. 1998: Two new localities for Danhatchia australis (Orchidaceae). New Zealand Botanical Society Newsletter 51: 6
9.

Jones, D.L.; Clements, M.A. 2018:, Danhatchia novaehollandiae (Orchidaceae: Goodyerinae), a new species from south-eastern Australia. Australian Orchid Review 83(4): 56-57.

Moore, L.B.; Edgar, E. 1970: Flora of New Zealand. Vol. II. Government Printer, Wellington.

NZPCN Fact Sheet citation

Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Danhatchia australis Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/danhatchia-australis/ (Date website was queried)

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