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  4. Lachnagrostis pilosa subsp. nubifera

Lachnagrostis pilosa subsp. nubifera

Smiths Harbour, Auckland Island.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 25/01/2020, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Smiths Harbour, Auckland Island.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 25/01/2020, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Smiths Harbour, Auckland Island.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 25/01/2020, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Smiths Harbour, Auckland Island.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 25/01/2020, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Smiths Harbour, Auckland Island.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 25/01/2020, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Smiths Harbour, Auckland Island.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 25/01/2020, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
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Common names

wind grass

Biostatus

Native – Endemic taxon

Category

Vascular

Structural class

Grasses

Detailed description

Usually a robust, wide-leaved, perennial forming tufts 50–900 mm tall, rarely more gracile. ​​​​​​​Branching intravaginal. Leaves usually harsh, dull green drying dark green. Leaf-sheath harsh textured, firm, striate, smooth or finely scabrid above, green to light brown. Ligule 1.3–6.0 mm, tapered, rounded, becoming denticulate, undersides finely scabrid. Leaf-blade 20–280 × 0.5–10 mm, flat, or rather harsh and involute above in plants from the Antipodes Islands; undersides with numerous fine, finely scabrid ribs, midrib prominent near base, upper surface finely ribbed and finely scabrid on ribs; margins finely scabrid, apex subobtuse. Culm 200–660 mm, usually included within the uppermost leaf-sheath, erect, internodes finely scabrid. Panicle 20–280 × 10–200 mm, at first stiff and contracted with erect branches, at maturity often more lax and ovate-elliptic; rachis smooth below, scabrid above, primary branches sparsely scabrid, filiform, very long, erect, secondary branchlets much shorter, very numerous, capillary, scaberulous, tipped by several clustered spikelets. Inflorescences paniculate, usually rather large, firm, pale green and many flowered. ​​​​​​​Spikelets 3–6 mm, light green (rarely purple-green). Glumes ± equal, smooth and membranous, rarely sparsely scabrid in upper half, acute to acuminate; lower elliptic-lanceolate, scabrid on upper ⅔ of keel, upper linear-lanceolate, scabrid on upper ½ of keel. Lemma 1.5–2.0 mm long, < ⅔ length of glumes, elliptic-oblong, truncate, densely hairy throughout, lateral nerves shortly excurrent; awn 0.5–3.5 mm long, straight from upper ⅓ of lemma. Palea elliptic-oblong, roughly the same length as lemma, nerves distinct, 0.2 mm apart, apex shallowly bifid. Callus hairs copious, very short to 0.5 mm long, one fifth to one quarter length of lemma. Rachilla prolongation to 0.5 mm, tipped by hairs to 1 mm long. Lodicules c. 0.5 mm long, lanceolate, acute. Anthers 0.5–0.8 mm long. Seed 1.3–1.8 × 0.4–0.6 mm.

Similar taxa

Lachnagrostis pilosa is distinguished from the other New Zealand species by the generally robust, stout growth habit and wide, grey-green, harsh textured leaves. Of those species with intravaginal branching it is immediately distinguished by wide leaves (2–10 mm wide cf. 0.5–3.0 mm wide), firm, robust panicle, and by the scattered to densely hairy lemma. Two subspecies are recognised: L. pilosa subsp. pilosa differs from subsp. nubifera by the shorter (0.5–3.0 mm in subsp. nubifera cf. 3.0–8.5 mm long in subsp. pilosa), straight rather than geniculate awns, and by the palea, which is almost equal or equal the length of lemma, rather than ½–⅗ in length. It differs from L. leptostachys (Hook.f.) Zotov with which it is sympatric on the Antipodes and Auckland Islands by the shorter, more densely hairy lemma, and by the shorter (not geniculate) awns, and palea which is almost equal or equal the length of lemma rather than ½ the length of the lemma.

Distribution

Endemic. Confined to Auckland and Antipodes Islands

Habitat

Coastal, on margins of forest, in open scrub, or in damp ground at margins of tussock grassland. Sometimes amongst sedges or along cliff faces and associated talus slopes.

Current conservation status

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.

  • Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.

2023 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: DPS, DPT, IE, RR

Jump to previous conservation statuses

Threats

Local endemic, common within its limited geographic range.

Detailed taxonomy

Genus

Lachnagrostis

Family

Poaceae

Authority

Lachnagrostis pilosa subsp. nubifera Edgar

Synonyms

None

Endemic taxon

Yes

Endemic genus

No

Endemic family

No

Ecology

Flowering

November–January (not well known)

Fruiting

December–March (not well known)

Propagation technique

Not known but probably easy from fresh seed and rooted pieces. Probably will dislike humid/warm climates.

Other information

Where To Buy

Not commercially available.

Etymology

lachnagrostis: From “lachne” (wool) referring to the distinctive callus hairs of this genus and “agrostis” by which Trinius (1820) actually meant “a grass” (not an Agrostis). So the generic name means “a hairy (woolly) grass” not “a hairy (woolly) Agrostis” as is often incorrectly stated (see Gardner 2014).

Manaaki Whenua Online Interactive Key

Key to the grasses of New Zealand

NVS code

The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.

LACPSN

Previous conservation statuses

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.

  • Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.

2017 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: DP, IE, RR

2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: IE, RR

2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon

2004 | Range Restricted

Jump to current conservation status

Referencing and citations

References and further reading

Edgar E, Connor HE. 2000. Flora of New Zealand. Vol. V. Grasses. Manaaki Whenua Press, Christchurch, NZ. 650 p.

Attribution

Description modified from Edgar and Connor (2000).

Some of this factsheet information is derived from Flora of New Zealand Online and is used under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand licence.

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