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  4. Dracophyllum pearsonii

Dracophyllum pearsonii

Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Hananui, Rakiura. 900m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 21/11/2013, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Dark Cloud Range, Fiordland. 900m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/11/2015, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Leaf, Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Fruit, Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Open capsules, Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Bark, Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Bark, Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Habitat, Deceit Peaks, Rakiura. 300m elevation.<br>Photographer: Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Date taken: 09/03/2017, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
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Biostatus

Native – Endemic taxon

Current conservation status

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.

  • Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.

2023 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: Sp, DPS

Jump to previous conservation statuses

Category

Vascular

Structural class

Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons

Simplified description

Low-growing brownish spreading grassy shrub with short erect branches bearing very dense tufts of both alive and dead narrow pointed leaves mainly inhabiting upland Stewart Island (rare in Fiordland). Leaves hard, 19-32mm long by 0.8-1.5mm wide. Flowers mixed in with leaves, white, tubular.

Detailed description

Multi–stemmed shrub 0.3–0.5 m tall. Branches: bark on old branches dark grey, deeply fissured, young stems reddish brown. Leaves spirally arranged along branches, imbricate, appressed to stem, dry old leaves present; lamina sheath olive green to light brown, 4–7 × 3–5 mm, coriaceous, striate, shoulders rounded to truncate with margins membranous, ciliate or with only the top half ciliate; lamina rigid and hard, 19.0–32.0 × 0.8–1.5 mm, mid to olive green, linear to linear–subulate, adaxial surface flat, abaxial surface keeled, margins serrulate with 90–100 teeth per 10 mm, apex triquetrous. Inflorescence a few flowered spike near apices of branches; shorter than leaves, erect, lax, 12–20 mm long, oblong. Inflorescence bract over-topping flowers, foliose, coriaceous, 6.0–6.5 × 4–5 mm, linear, ovate–lanceolate at base, surfaces glabrous with a tuft of scabrid hairs at base of adaxial surface, margins ciliate. Flowers 3–6, sessile; flower bracts over-topping flowers, leaf like, linear, 6.0–6.5 × 4–5 mm, with a tuft of scabrid hairs at base of adaxial surface, margins ciliate. Sepals 4.2–4.5 × 1.5–2.0 mm, lanceolate to ovate–lanceolate, shorter to equaling corolla tube; margins ciliate. Corolla white; corolla tube 4.2–4.5 × 1.8–2.0 mm, cylindrical; corolla lobes reflexed, 1.9–2.0 × 1.4–1.5 mm, ovate–triangular to broadly triangular, shorter than corolla tube, apical ridge present, apices inflexed at tip, subacute; adaxial surface papillate. Stamens inserted on corolla tube near the top, filaments 0.2–0.5 mm long; anthers included, 0.8 mm long, oblong, light yellow. Ovary 1.9–2.0 × 1.8–2.0 mm, globose, apex round; nectary scales oblong, 1.0–1.2 × 0.8–1.0 mm, apices obtuse; style included, 0.8–1.0 mm long, glabrous; stigma five–lobed. Fruit light brown, 1.0–1.5 × 1.0–1.2 mm, obovoid, apex truncate, glabrous. Seeds 0.55–0.6 mm long, yellowish brown, ovoid, testa slightly reticulate.

Similar taxa

Dracophyllum pearsonii is easily recognised by the closely imbricate strongly keeled leaves with triquetrous apices. Characteristically the leaves densely cover the branches and when dead they are long persistent. In this species the flowers are arranged in few–flowered (3-6-flowered) racemes near the ends of branches, also each petal is furnished with a prominent apical ridge on the upper surface.

Distribution

Endemic. New Zealand: South (Fiordland National Park - scarce) and Stewart Islands. On Stewart Island restricted to the tops of Mt Anglem and Rakeahua

Habitat

Montane to alpine. Usually colonising open sites on mountain slopes, ridges and plateau within subalpine shrubland, herbfield or grassland

Threats

Dracophyllum pearsonii is listed because it is a narrow range endemic virtually confined to Stewart island (it is scarce in its only known stations in Fiordland National Park). Despite its small area of occupancy it is otherwise believed secure and under no active threat.

Detailed taxonomy

Genus

Dracophyllum

Family

Ericaceae

Authority

Dracophyllum pearsonii Kirk

Endemic taxon

Yes

Endemic genus

No

Endemic family

No

Ecology

Flowering

December - February

Fruiting

February - April

Life cycle and dispersal

Minute seeds are wind dispersed (Thorsen et al., 2009).

Propagation technique

Difficult. Should not be removed from the wild.

Other information

Where To Buy

Not commercially available.

Etymology

dracophyllum: Dragon leaf, from its likeness to the dragon tree of the Canary Islands

pearsonii: After Pearson

NVS code

The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.

DRAPEA

Previous conservation statuses

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.

  • Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.

2017 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: DP, Sp

2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: Sp

2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon

2004 | Not Threatened

Jump to current conservation status

Referencing and citations

References and further reading

Venter, S. 2009: A taxonomic revision of the genus Dracophyllum Labill. (Ericaceae). Unpublished Phd Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington.

Thorsen, M. J.; Dickinson, K. J. M.; Seddon, P. J. 2009. Seed dispersal systems in the New Zealand flora. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 11: 285-309

Attribution

Fact sheet prepared for NZPCN by P.J. de Lange (16 April 2012). Description adapted from Venter (2009)

NZPCN Fact Sheet citation

Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Dracophyllum pearsonii Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/dracophyllum-pearsonii/ (Date website was queried)

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