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  4. Hymenophyllum pluviatile

Hymenophyllum pluviatile

A posed specimen from Pirongia collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 20/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Flexuose rachis and sori viewed from above. Pirongia, from a specimen collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 20/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Pirongia, from a specimen collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 20/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Flexuose rachis and sori viewed from above. Pirongia, from a specimen collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 20/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Pirongia, from a specimen collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 24/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Sori viewed from below. Pirongia, from a specimen collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 20/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Sori. Pirongia, from a specimen collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 24/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Rhizome and stipe bases. Pirongia, from a specimen collected by Peter de Lange.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 24/04/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Mount Pirongia. Apr 2012.<br>Photographer: Peter J. de Lange, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Mount Pirongia. Apr 2012.<br>Photographer: Peter J. de Lange, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
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Common name

filmy fern

Synonyms

None - first described in 2013

Family

Hymenophyllaceae

Authority

Hymenophyllum pluviatile Perrie et Brownsey

Flora category

Vascular – Native

Endemic taxon

Yes

Endemic genus

No

Endemic family

No

Structural class

Ferns

Current conservation status

  • Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2017 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). This report includes a statistical summary and brief notes on changes since 2012 and replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Authors: By Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe, John W. Barkla, Shannel P. Courtney, Paul D. Champion, Leon R. Perrie, Sarah M. Beadel, Kerry A. Ford, Ilse Breitwieser, Ines Schönberger, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Peter B. Heenan and Kate Ladley.

2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon

Previous conservation status

2004 | Sparse

Distribution

Endemic. New Zealand: North and South Islands from about the Waima Forest, Hokianga south, and mainly in the west

Habitat

Coastal to montane. Usually on base-rich rocks in dark but dry places - though often in the vicinity of waterfalls, streams or rivers. Sometimes epiphytic in cloud forest. This species is often found growing with Hymenophyllum demissum and H. flexuosum.

Features

Epiphytic, terrestrial or rupestral ferns. Rhizomes brown, long-creeping, 360–840 microns in diameter, glabrous or with colourless hairs clustered around stipe bases. Stipes brown to dark brown, 30–90 mm long, 330–800 microns in diameter; wings poorly developed, often obvious only in the distal half of the stipe, with each wing usually less than 170 microns wide at mid-stipe and less than 500 microns at the stipe–rachis junction. Laminae 45–130 mm long, 20–67 mm wide; ovate or rarely triangular; apex attenuate to acute; base obtuse to truncate; green; glabrous; planate, or rachis wings and sometimes proximal axes flexuous; 4–5 pinnatifid, with 3-14-19 primary axes bearing quaternary axes, and the basal primary axis with 5–12 secondary axes bearing tertiary axes; primary pinnae 11-50 × 6-25 mm; axis-branching divaricate; segments entire, apices round or truncate, or sometimes shallowly emarginate. Sori orbicular or ovate. Indusial flaps 750–1340 × 660-1170 microns; apices round, truncate, or acute; apex usually irregularly dentate, or sometimes subentire.

Similar taxa

Hymenophyllum pluviatile is distinguished from H. flexuosum by its smaller size, narrower wings on the stipe and rachis, flatter lamina, narrower sori and usually irregularly dentate (cf. subentire) indusial flaps. Hymenophyllum pluviatile is distinguished from New Zealand populations of H. australe by its epiphytic, rupestral or terrestrial habitat (cf. growing in or around streams), its generally broader and more divided fronds, divaricating (cf. incurved) lamina axes, less developed stipe wings, and at most shallowly emarginate segment apices.

Flowering

Not applicable - spore producing

Flower colours

No flowers

Fruiting

Not applicable - spore producing

Propagation technique

Difficult - should not be removed from the wild

Threats

An extremely uncommon and lcoalised fern threatened by its small population sizes, and at one site - Mt Burnett - by dolomite mining. Previously regarded (as Hymenophyllum aff. flexuosum (AK 177370; Mt Burnett)) and treated either as ‘Sparse’ by de Lange et al. (2004) or ‘Naturally Uncommon’ by de Lange et al. (2009).

Etymology

hymenophyllum: Membranous leaf, from the Greek humen and phullon

pluviatile: From the Latin pluviatilis, meaning of rain or pertaining to rain.

Attribution

Fact Sheet prepared by P.J. de Lange 11 December 2013. Description from Perrie et al. (2013)

References and further reading

de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D.A.; Heenan, P.B.; Courtney, S.P.; Molloy, B.P.J.; Ogle, C.C.; Rance, B.D.; Johnson, P.N.; Hitchmough, R. 2004: Threatened and uncommon plants of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 42: 45-76.

de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D.A.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Hitchmough, R.; Townsend, A.J. 2009: Threatened and uncommon plants of New Zealand (2008 revision). New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 61–96.

Perrie, L.R.; Shepherd, L.D.; de Lange, P.J.; Batty, E.L.; Ohlsen, D.J.; Bayly, M.J.; Brownsey, P.J. 2013: Hymenophyllum pluviatile, a new and uncommon fern from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 51: 308–320.

NZPCN Fact Sheet citation

Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Hymenophyllum pluviatile Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/hymenophyllum-pluviatile/ (Date website was queried)

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