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maculate

Blotched or spotted.

mangrove

Coastal wetland dominated by Manawa or mangrove Avicennia marina var. resiifera. Northern New Zealand only, salt marsh replaces it further south.

Mangrove in fruit. Photographer: Tony Foster

margin

The edge or border of a leaf.

marine

Pertaining to the sea and saltwater systems.

marsh

A tract of wet land principally inhabited by partially-submerged herbaceous vegetation. Has fewer woody plants than swampier habitats.

mealy

Dry, powdery, crumbly.

median

In the middle.

membranous

Very thin, like a membrane.

Membraneous as illustrated by Schefflera digitata. Photographer: Tony Foster

mid-lobe

The middle part into which a leaf is divided.

midrib

The central or principal vein of a leaf or pinna of a fern.

Central vein of Aristotelia serrata. Photographer: Tony Foster

mire

Synonymous with any peat-accumulating wetland. Term covers bogs and peaty swamps, fens, carr, moor, muskeg and peatland. Term excludes marsh which is non-peat forming.

molecular techniques

Where proteins and genes are used to investigate plant relationships.

monitoring

Recording of quantitative data over time to document changes in condition or state of species or ecosystems.

monoecious

Having male and female flowers on the same plant of the same species.

montane

Land between 300 and 800 metres above sea level.

mucronate

Tipped with a short, sharp, point.

A mucronate leaf tip. Photographer: Illustration by Sue Wickison
A tip on the fruit capsule of Geniostoma ligustrifolium. Photographer: Tony Foster
A tip on the fruit capsule of Geniostoma ligustrifolium. Photographer: Tony Foster

mucronulate

Having a very small mucro; diminutive of mucronate.

multi-annual evergreen

Overlapping annual cohorts of leaves always present.

multifid

Cleft into many lobes or segments.

multiseptate

With many septa.

mycorrhiza

A symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a plant.

mycorrhizal associations

Symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots which assists plant health by allowing increased ability for uptake of nutrients and promote plant growth.

muricate

Rough with short, hard points like the shell of Murex, a genus of tropical sea snails with elaborately pointed shells.

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