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  4. Senecio carnosulus

Senecio carnosulus

North Otago.<br>Photographer: John Barkla, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Cauline leaves (from a specimen collected by John Barkla).<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 16/01/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Achenes. Otago Peninsula.<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 14/12/2008, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Sep 2006.<br>Photographer: Peter J. de Lange, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
Sep 2006.<br>Photographer: Peter J. de Lange, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>.
Senecio carnosulus, Curio Bay.<br>Photographer: John Barkla, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Cooks Head, Chrystals Beach.<br>Photographer: Peter J. de Lange, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Cooks Head, Chrystals Beach.<br>Photographer: Peter J. de Lange, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'>CC BY-NC</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
Capitulum showing involucral bracts (from a specimen collected by John Barkla).<br>Photographer: Jeremy R. Rolfe, Date taken: 16/01/2012, Licence: <a target='_blank' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'>CC BY</a>. <a class='member-message' href='/nzpcn/why-join-nzpcn/' target='_blank'>Members can view a larger version of this image.</a>
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Biostatus

Native – Endemic taxon

Category

Vascular

Structural class

Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites

Flower colours

Yellow

Detailed description

Annual or short-lived perennial, somewhat fleshy herb. Stems prostrate, semi-erect to erect, often spreading laterall from some distance, particularly in well established plants. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent, if the latter then with scattered hairs on midrib and lamina margins (particularly near base); apetiolate, narrow-oblong to elliptic or obovate, amplexicaul, usually pinnatifid with 1–3 broad, few-toothed segments on either side, sometimes not lobed but serrate with 1–8 teeth on each side, 20–90 × 5–45 mm; uppermost leaves smaller, narrower, and often less divided. Supplementary bracts 4–10, 1–4 mm long. Involucral bracts 11–16, glabrous, 5–9 mm long. Capitulum: ray florets (0)–7–11; ligules yellow, 1–4 mm; disc yellow, 4–8 mm diameter. Cypsela 2.8–3.5 mm long, grey-black, usually more or less evenly covered in dense hairs (sometimes outer most cypsela almost glabrous), slightly narrowed to apex.

Similar taxa

Closely allied to Senecio lautus Willd., and S. sterquilinus Ornduff. It differs from S. lautus by its larger stature, and much more stocky, stout, succulent stems and foliage, broader leaf segments, longer involucral bracts, wider discs and shorter rays. Senecio sterquilinus is quite similar but it is usually an even larger plant, with a strictly erect rather than prostrate to semi-erect or erect growth habit, typically with more divided leaves and 13–24 rather than 10–16 involucral bracts. Senecio carnosulus has 2n = 80 chromosomes rather than 2n = 40 seen in S. lautus and S. sterquilinus.

Distribution

Endemic. South Island only. Banks Peninsula then from the Otago Peninsula south and across to Stewart Island/Rakiura.

Habitat

Coastal on rock stacks, cliff faces, amongst boulders and on cobble/ coarse gravel beaches. Sometimes on consolidated sand or clay banks. Often in association with sea bird roosts and nesting sites.

Current conservation status

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.

  • Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.

2023 | At Risk – Declining | Qualifiers: Sp, DPS, DPT, EF

Jump to previous conservation statuses

Threats

An apparently naturally uncommon, sporadically occurring species. At times it can be locally common but there is evidence to suggest it has declined from parts of its range, particularly around the Otago Peninsula although reasons for decline are not well understood.

Detailed taxonomy

Family

Asteraceae

Authority

Senecio carnosulus (Kirk) C.Webb

Synonyms

Senecio lautus var. carnosulus Kirk, Senecio lautus subsp. carnosulus (Kirk) Ornd., Senecio lautus var. alpha Cheeseman

Endemic taxon

Yes

Endemic genus

No

Endemic family

No

Ecology

Flowering

November–February

Fruiting

December–March

Propagation technique

Easy from fresh seed. Best treated as an annual. It can become invasive.

Other information

Etymology

senecio: From the Latin senex ‘old man’ (probably referring to the bearded seeds)

NVS code

The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.

SENCAR

Chromosome number

2n = 80

Previous conservation statuses

The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.

  • Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.

2017 | At Risk – Declining | Qualifiers: DP, EF, Sp

2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: Sp

2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon

2004 | Sparse

Jump to current conservation status

Regional conservation statuses

The regional threat classification system leverages off the national assessments in the NZTCS, providing information relevant for the regional context. Otago conservation status information is sourced from the “Regional conservation status of indigenous vascular plants in Otago” Jarvie S et al. (2024) report.

Otago: 2024 | Threatened – Regionally Vulnerable | Qualifiers: CI, DPR, DPS, DPT, EF, NStr, PF, RR, Sp, TL

Referencing and citations

References and further reading

Webb CJ, Sykes WR, Garnock-Jones PJ. 1988. Flora of New Zealand, Volume IV. Naturalised Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Dicotyledons. Botany Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Christchurch, NZ. 1365 p.

Attribution

Fact Sheet prepared for NZPCN by P.J. de Lange 1 November 2008. Description based on Webb et al. (1988).

Some of this factsheet information is derived from Flora of New Zealand Online and is used under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand licence.

NZPCN Fact Sheet citation

Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Senecio carnosulus Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/senecio-carnosulus/ (Date website was queried)

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