Leptinella minor
Common names
Banks Peninsula button daisy
Biostatus
Native – Endemic taxon
Category
Vascular
Structural class
Herbs - Dicotyledonous composites
Flower colours
White
Detailed description
Monoecious, creeping perennial herb forming open or diffuse patches. Rhizomes at soil surface, slender to stout 0.5–2 mm diameter; early season branches clustered, with up to 5 radiating from around a flowering node; branches produced later in season usually single at flowering nodes. Leaves 3–10, usually clustered but in vigorous growth spaced up to 20 mm apart. Short shoots absent or with 1-few small leaves. Roots 0.5–1 mm diameter, thick, coriaceous. Leaves 1-pinnatifid, 10–50 × 3–10 mm; blade 3–40 mm, dull green usually with much brown pigment on proximal pinnae, obovate, coriaceous, more or less glabrous; pinnae 5–12 pairs, not overlapping, cut to rhachis, obovate, teeth 0–7 per pinna, usually restricted to proximal pinnae, on distal margins, cut ½–⅔ across pinna, oblong, obtuse and minutely mucronate. Peduncles borne on rhizomes, equal or longer than leaves, slender, 20–50 mm long, ebracteate or with 1 bract, pilose hairy. Capitula 4–6 mm diameter; surface convex, involucre outspread; involucral bracts 15–20, equally biseriate, suborbicular, pilose hairy, with a wide brown scarious margin; pistillate florets 70–130, 2- or more seriate, 1.75 mm long, straight, white; corolla longer than wide, teeth equal; staminate florets equal in number. Cypsela 1 × 0.5 mm, pale brown when mature, slightly compressed, transversely wrinkled.
Similar taxa
Leptinella minor is very closely allied to L. filiformis (Hook.f.) D.G.Lloyd et C.Webb and L. nana (D.G.Lloyd) D.G.Lloyd et C.Webb, the three in fact forming a distinct clade using nrDNA ITS sequences. From L. nana, L. minor is readily distinguished by its taller stature, dull green leaves and white capitula. It is however, extremely close to L. filiformis, from which it differs by its larger more robust habit, thicker rhizomes (2 mm cf. < 1 mm diameter), larger and longer leaves (10–50 mm cf. 5–20 mm long), bearing more numerous teeth (especially on the proximal pinnae) and larger capitula (4–6 mm cf. 2–3 mm diameter).
Distribution
Endemic. South Island (Banks Peninsula, historic herbarium specimens show it was once on the Canterbury Plains).
Habitat
Sea level to 600 m a.s.l., on rock outcrops and associated open, rubbly skeletal soils. Usually found in sites within little surrounding vegetation. Sometimes in open grassland.
Current conservation status
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2023 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: OL
Threats
A naturally uncommon, range restricted species which can be locally abundant on parts of Banks Peninsula. It is possible that some populations have declined due to the spread of introduced weeds (especially grasses) but there is no documentation to demonstrate this.
Detailed taxonomy
Family
Synonyms
Cotula haastii Kirk, Cotula minor (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
Endemic taxon
Yes
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Ecology
Flowering
September–July
Fruiting
September–August
Life cycle and dispersal
Papery cypselae are dispersed by wind and possibly attachment (Thorsen et al., 2009).
Propagation technique
Easily grown from the division of established plants and from fresh seed. This is an attractive, long flowering species which makes an excellent rock garden plant. It flourishes best in a sunny situation when planted in a free draining, fertile soil. Dislikes humidity.
Other information
Cultivation
Occasionally available from specialist native plant nurseries.
Etymology
leptinella: From the Greek word leptos (meaning slender, thin or delicate), referring to the ovary
minor: Smaller
NVS code
The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.
LEPMIN
Chromosome number
2n = 52
Previous conservation statuses
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2017 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: OL
2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: OL
2009 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon
2004 | Range Restricted
Referencing and citations
References and further reading
Lloyd DG. 1972. A revision of the New Zealand, Subantarctic, and South American species of Cotula, section Leptinella. New Zealand Journal of Botany 10(2): 277–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.1972.10429156.
Thorsen MJ, Dickinson KJM, Seddon PJ. 2009. Seed dispersal systems in the New Zealand flora. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 11: 285–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2009.06.001.
Attribution
Fact sheet prepared for NZPCN by P.J. de Lange 31 August 2006. Description from Lloyd (1972)—as Cotula minor.
NZPCN Fact Sheet citation
Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Leptinella minor Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/leptinella-minor/ (Date website was queried)