Pimelea microphylla
Common names
pimelea
Biostatus
Native – Endemic taxon
Category
Vascular
Structural class
Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons
Simplified description
Cushion-forming small-leaved central North Island endemic shrub bearing leaves densely crowded near the tip of twigs and numerous small hairy white flowers and whitish fruits . Leaves 2.5-3.0mm long, by 1-2mm wide, hairy on the underside or at tip when young (lens needed).
Flower colours
Red/Pink, White
Detailed description
A small, compact, prostrate to suberect, much-branched shrub forming loose cushions, to 60 mm high and 250 mm diameter, with short, notably sympodial branching. Young branchlets moderately to densely clad in short, grey hair, on strips between glabrous node buttress tissue; internode lengths 0.25–0.6 mm, rarely to 1 mm; older stems sparsely hairy to glabrous, grey-brown to blackish. Narrow node buttresses occupy the length of the internodes and are prominent on leafless stems. Leaves decussate, ascendant, imbricate, and crowded near the ends of branchlets, on very short (0.1–0.3 mm) red petioles, or sessile. Mature leaves glabrous, but almost all plants have some young leaves with a few short hairs at the distal end and young leaves of some individuals are moderately densely hairy, above. Lamina broad-elliptic or broad-ovate, 2.5–3.0 × 1.0–2.0 mm, upper surface concave to slightly keeled, leathery, medium green to yellowish-green; sometimes margins are slightly upturned and red-margined, midvein obscure; obtuse, base cuneate. Stomata on both leaf surfaces. Inflorescences terminal on branchlets, 1–4-flowered; receptacles with short, dense to sparse hair. Involucral bracts 4; 2.5–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, broad-elliptic to broad-ovate, often with a few hairs at the distal end or sometimes densely hairy below. Plants gynodioecious. Flowers white or sometimes pale red, on very short pedicels (0.1 mm); tube and calyx lobes hairy outside; inside hairless, or with sparse hair in the style portion. Female tube 3.2 mm long, ovary portion 3 mm, calyx lobes 1.3 × 1 mm; hermaphrodite tube 3.2 mm long, ovary portion 1.8 mm, calyx lobes 1.5 × 1.5 mm. Anther filaments inserted just below mouth of tube; anther yellow. Ovary moderately hairy at summit, sparsely hairy elsewhere. Fruits oblate, fleshy, white or sometimes pink, opaque, 5.5 × 4.2 mm. The tube breaks off irregularly as the fruits ripen. Seeds pyriform, surface granulate, thin crest, 3 × 2 mm.
Similar taxa
Pimelea microphylla is superficially similar to, and has been included in the Pimelea prostrata complex. The most recent treatments of the genus (Burrows 2009a,b) treat P. microphylla as a separate from P. prostrata but do not explain why. From the P. prostrata complex P. microphylla differs by its smaller more compact cushion-forming growth habit, erect, sympodial broanching habit with the leaves crowded toward the branchlet apices, pale yellow-cream (rarely reddish tinged flowers). The fruits of P. microphylla are often coloured pink.
Distribution
Endemic. North Island: Central Volcanic Plateau from Kaingaroa - Rangitikei south across the Kaimanawa and Kaweka Ranges and west across the Rangipo Desert including Mt Tongariro, Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu.
Habitat
Bare or sparsely vegetated scoria, lapilli, tephra, pumice flats and coarser volcanic debris; sometimes in crevices on solid volcanic rock; also on bare soil and stony debris on surfaces covered by old tephra on windswept high ridges of the sandstone ranges, to 1650 m.
Current conservation status
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2022-2023 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) – more information about this can be found on the NZTCS website. This report includes replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Previous assessments can be found here.
Please note, threat classifications are often suggested by authors when publications fall between NZTCS assessment periods – these interim threat classification statuses has not been assessed by the NZTCS panel.
- Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023. 2024. Peter J. de Lange, Jane Gosden, Shannel P. Courtney, Alexander J. Fergus, John W. Barkla, Sarah M. Beadel, Paul D. Champion, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Troy Makan and Pascale Michel Department of Conservation. Source: NZTCS and licensed by DOC for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.
2023 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: RR, Sp
Threats
Pimelea microphylla may be threatened. There is some evidence that it is declining over parts of its range due to the spread of heather and on the Kaingaroa Plain at least, habitat modification for farming and forestry.
Detailed taxonomy
Family
Thymelaeaceae
Synonyms
Pimelea polycephala Colenso, Pimelea laevigata var. alpina Cheeseman
Taxonomic notes
New Zealand Pimelea urgently require a full taxonomic revision using modern techniques. The treatments of Burrows (2009a, b et seq.) offer a useful foundation for further revision
Endemic taxon
Yes
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Ecology
Flowering
November - February
Fruiting
January - May
Propagation technique
Can be grown from semi-hardwood cuttings. However, plants are often very slow to establish and dislike competition and excessive moisture or humidity. Probably best grown in a rock garden or alpine house
Other information
Etymology
pimelea: Pimeleoides means “resembling Pimelea’’, a genus in the family Thymelaeaceae (Greek, -oides = resembling, like).
microphylla: Small leaf
NVS code
The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. NVS maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the Ngä Tipu o Aotearoa - New Zealand Plants database.
PIMMIC
Previous conservation statuses
2017 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: RR, Sp
2012 | At Risk – Naturally Uncommon | Qualifiers: RR, Sp
2009 | At Risk – Declining | Qualifiers: RR, SP
2004 | Range Restricted
Referencing and citations
References and further reading
Burrows, C.J. 2009a: Genus Pimelea (Thymelaeaceae) in New Zealand 2. The endemic Pimelea prostrata and Pimelea urvilliana species complexes. New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 163–229.
Burrows, C.J. 2009b: Genus Pimelea (Thymelaeaceae) in New Zealand 3. The taxonomic treatment of six endemic hairy-leaved species. New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 325-354.
Attribution
Fact Sheet by P.J. de Lange (1 November 2009). Description based on: Burrows (2009b).
NZPCN Fact Sheet citation
Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Pimelea microphylla Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/pimelea-microphylla/ (Date website was queried)